Usage of E-learning of Distance Education Programme. A Case Study of College of Distance Education, University of Cape Coast, Sunyani Branch, Ghana.
CHAPTER ONE
PREAMBLE TO THE STUDY
E-Learning refers to the use of various kinds of electronic media and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) the retrogressive nature of learning in school as generally observed by many researchers which posed a challenge to technological advancement in learning. In other words, E -learning is an inclusive technology for all forms of educational support learning and teaching and may depends on an emphasis in aspect of component or delivery method, sometime be themed “Technology” enhanced learning (TEL) Computer-Based Training (CBT) Internet-Based Training (IBT) Web-Based Training (WBT) virtual education of digital educational collaboration.
Literature review
Concept of distance education and e-learning
The term “Distance Education’’ refers to an educational approach in which there is quasi- separation of the learners and the teachers in time and space (Keegan, 1996). In distance education, the instructor and instructional strategy and methods are subsumed into the learning materials popularly referred to as the study materials that have been designed as self-directed learning guide for students. The term open learning refers to the philosophical construct that seek to remove barriers and constraints that may prevent learners from accessing and succeeding in quality and lifelong education. ODL as an educational method and a philosophical construct has been identified as the most potent instrument for combating the educational problems assailing a nation like Nigeria. (Ray and Day, 2019)
Both distance education and E-learning are intertwined; e-learning is an electronic mode of knowledge sharing and transmission which may not necessarily involve physical contact between teacher and student. The concept, computer aided teaching and computer aided learning have given birth to computer aided instruction which represent a combination of both teaching and learning. Access to instruction through the Internet is flexible, ensure broad viability and availability of educational opportunities and can be assessed irrespective of time and space. The globalization of distance education provides many benefits for developing countries for the realization of their educational goals as at when stated.
E-learning describes using information and communication technology (ICT) towards improving learning within educational training. Nevertheless, e-learning involves use and application of a variety of tools and techniques, for instance e-mails, websites, blogs, social and business media, and being able to access program supplies on the internet whilst carrying out programs delivered entirely on the internet (Heeger, 2010). Although e-learning platforms can be of different kinds, some advanced private secondary schools in shomolu provide educational programs that involve use of web or the internet systems to improve students’ academic achievements.
According to Olaniyi (2016), e-learning is all about learning that occurs at the computer. In our contemporary world, the learning through the aid of a computer simply means online knowledge acquisition through the internet or offline through CD-ROM etc. In other words, it is the use of network technologies to create, foster, deliver, and facilitate learning, anytime and anywhere. Horton (2005) defined e-learning as the use of internet and digital technologies to create experiences that educate our fellow human beings. E-learning has the potential to revolutionise the way we teach and how we learn (DfES, 2003).
Summary and Conclusion
Summary
The commitment of the developed countries on e-learning cannot be over emphasized. For one reason or the other, not everybody can afford to embark on conventional classroom learning. In order to bridge the gap, distance learning education is the most suitable medium.
The bottom line is that the present state of distance education in Nigeria requires overhauling because the essential electronic information resources that should be in place for effective management of distance education are lacking. It should be noted that the challenges faced by both centers and students are quite enormous. It is high time the government arises to this all-important task and seeks for ways of overcoming numerous challenges militating against effective use of electronic information resources.
Conclusion
For e-learning to succeed in Nigeria, there is need to build on another important pillar in the existence of infrastructure, along with some degree of connectivity. A growing difference in market liberalization of the Internet- access supply is leading to another kind of “digital divide” on the global scale many countries have introduced or are introducing telecommunications regulations that discourage the development of Internet-access service through competition. Moreover, other technical constraints have to be overcome. It is, therefore, fundamental to implement self-sustaining Internet and computer training, which will eventually allow universities to keep pace with developed countries and give them access to technological and academic information, as well as Internet training at various levels. The benefits they gain will thus affect every aspect of their personal and professional life.
Recommendations
The following recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.
- It is imperative that government make adequate provision for different types of electronic information resources for use at University of Cape Coast, Sunyani branch, Ghana Study Centers such as Audiotapes, Audio conferencing, E-mail service, TV/Radio broadcast, Videotape, Voicemail, Internet facility, E-book, E-journal, Electronic database and Online database. All these can effectively be used in literacy for all through distance education.
- There is an urgent need to improve infrastructure in the country particularly electronic supply, IT, telecommunication item such as cellular phone, computer, fax machine, telephone, television, radio, Internet service provider. Adequate fund should also be available to the University of Cape Coast, Sunyani branch, Ghana study centers to enable them make their online library functional.
- There should be National policy on distance education by the Nigerian government. There is also need for government policy to make computer literacy compulsory irrespective of the level and course of study. Thus, screening for admission in distance education should include practical demonstration of ICT/Computer literacy skill by the prospective students.
To make distance education possible, the learning system and those who manage them must prepare people to work with the new technologies competently and confidently. This will be useful to distance education students to enable them to make reference to any of those materials when there is need to it.
References
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