Urbanization and Tourism Path to Economic Development
Chapter One
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain the contribution of tourism towards economy
- To ascertain the tourism components that could make Nigeria leading tourism provider in Africa
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Urban Tourism
Urban tourism consists of a variety of tourism activities such as; relaxation and entertainment in city, recreational shopping, participating special arrangements and business meetings, art galleries, concerts, festivals, visiting some attractive places like exhibitions, demonstrations, shows and museums, visiting kith and kin and relatives (Özgüç 2007). The actual attractions in urban tourism consist of human-generated attractiveness as well as the activities which are based on historical and cultural attractiveness. A large number of attractiveness in cities exists together, which will generate a source for tourism of business, entertainment, shopping, health, sports, culture, history, convention. Furthermore, tourism 3 activities in the form of visiting kith and kin and relatives are also common in cities. Cities constitute an important power of attraction in a connection with both their attractiveness and tourism infrastructure such as transportation and accommodation. Especially, large cities are among the places to go vacation. In crowded cities, a large number of recreational facilities developed for being able to compose attractiveness for city residents and tourists. Cities have a lot of attractiveness in different kinds for tourism. Christopher Law (2002) examines the relationship between tourism and urban areas. He distinguishes between primary, secondary, and additional elements of a city’s tourism resources. Primary elements (museums and art galleries, theaters and cinemas, concert halls, convention centers, sport facilities, night clubs, casinos, organized events, festivals, historical street pattern, ınteresting buildings, ancients monuments and statues, parks and green areas, waterfronts, liveliness of the place, language, local customs and costumes, cultural heritage, friendliness, security, leisure setting) provide the main reasons why tourists visit cities. Secondary elements (accommodation, catering facilities, shopping, markets) as well as additional elements (accessibility, transportation and parking, tourist ınformation) are also very important for the success of urban tourism, but are not the main attractor of visitors. Recently in both national and international tourism, the growth in tourism movement towards the cities is remarkable. A variety of factors were effective in the increase of urban tourism. Having a nice time outside home in various recreational activities such as outdoor eating and drinking, entertainment, shopping and other recreational activities became widespread along with the increasing level of income in cities. The increase in leisure time of people brought with it the increase of recreational activities to spend leisure time. In cities, young people have headed toward entertainments, sports and some other recreational activities while historical and cultural charm attracting elderly population. Tourists wishing to participate in recreational activities that have tend towards cities besides city-residents. Developments in transportation and communications caused to increase public relations between near and far locations. The number of business meetings and conventions in cities increased. The globalization caused to pervade business meetings and conventions with wider participations. Trips for business and meetings are increased in large cities. Trips have become cheaper and easier because of developments in airway flights. The increase in 4 immigration for living in other cities or other countries caused to grow up relations among cities and to increase visits of relatives. Recreational demands, from city-residents and tourists, ended up with an increase in tourism investments. City councils realized the role of tourism in development and transformation of cities. Tourism in cities became important. Tourism previously has developed in historical cities and capitals of states and then began to flourish in other cities by growing up.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to urbanization and tourism path to economic development
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information urbanization and tourism path to economic development. 200 staffs of ministry of tourism Oyo state was selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
Sample and sampling procedure
Sample is the set people or items which constitute part of a given population sampling. Due to large size of the target population, the researcher used the Taro Yamani formula to arrive at the sample population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain urbanization and tourism path to economic development. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of urbanization and tourism path to economic development
Summary
This study was on urbanization and tourism path to economic development. Two objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the contribution of tourism towards economy and to ascertain the tourism components that could make Nigeria leading tourism provider in Africa. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staffs of ministry of tourism in Oyo state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made directors, supervisors, administrative staffs and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
In recent years many cities seek to find themselves a new identity, to assert through originality, to gain national and international recognition in the field of tourism. Any urban destination that wants to develop tourism as the main branch of the economy, should carefully evaluate their development potential, and after this assessment should establish how best to capitalize it. Given the many advantages that tourism development can bring to a city, competition to attract tourists has become increasingly fierce. Therefore, if the city will offer a greater variety of attractions and complementary capabilities, it will be able to become more competitive in this dynamic market. They are being developed by cities for a variety of reasons including portraying a positive image, attracting visitors, and stimulating the urban economy.
Recommendation
It is importance of the sustainable education of the whole community, not only of the regional and local autonomy and local tourist board, it is possible to get benefits of the tourism development for the long term.
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