The Role of the Broadcast Media in Enhancing the Growth of Educational System in Nigeria
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
- To ascertain the extent the broadcast media have played in educating the populace in Enugu State.
- To find out the effectiveness of the media educational programmes on the masses and know these programmes can be improved upon to suit the target audience.
- To find out the number of people who have benefited from the educational programmes of the broadcast media, more so, how the media help in educational advancement.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
EMERGENCE OF THE MEDIA AS AN AIDE IN EDUCATION
To understand how the media came to be important in educating Nigerians, one must examine the history of the Nigerian media. According to Akin-Ojo (2014), Print journalism started in Nigeria in the year 1846 with the installation of a printing press at Calabar by the Presbyterian Mission. The aim of installing the printing press was to increase the level of literacy among local people in order for them to acquire more knowledge from reading short stories and essays on various subjects. It should be noted that the Efik people owned a writing system known as the Nsibidi writing system.
In 1854, Henry Townsend founded the first newspaper, Iwe Irohin, in Abeouka for the reading delight of the Egba people. The newspaper was published in Yoruba. In 1860, it became bi-lingual when English language was added to the publication.
The newspaper folded up in 1867 when there were socio-political conflicts between the Europeans and the Egba people. After this, some newspapers came in and went out of existence.
The year 1932 saw the advent of radio broadcasting in Nigeria. This was as a result of the desire of the British colonial authority to link the colonies with the mother country.
The first educational radio programmes were for English language and were broadcast once a week in the early forties by the Radio Distribution Service (RDS) Under the Post and Telegraphs Department (P&T).
Babalola (2012) wrote that in 1959, Nigeria commissioned the first television station in the whole of Africa. The government in Western Nigeria realised that the television was a better medium than the radio which could be used to educate the masses. To back it up, it was written in the charter establishing the Nigerian Television Authority, a provision for fixed amount of time per week for educational television broadcast. Educational television broadcasting to school dates back to 1959 when the television was first introduced in Nigeria. As has been stated earlier, the prospects
for using television to enhance formal and informal education were uppermost in the minds of the founding fathers of the country’s television industry. The direct involvement of the federal government in educational broadcasting began in 1964 when Schools Broadcast Unit (SBU) was established for the production of television programmes for schools in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
When Western Nigeria Television was established in October 31, 1959, education was seen as one of the main reasons for introducing television in Nigeria. It became the responsibility of the state to install television sets in schools, as well as supply sets to community viewing centres. The subjects aired elementary science, arts craft, English and history. During that time, educational broadcast were daily from Monday to Friday, between the hours 10am and 1pm.
According to Onabajo (2000), during that period, educational broadcasting was divided into three:
Extensive Educational Broadcasting
The major emphasis of Nigeria television has been in the area of extensive educational broadcasting, that is, programming geared towards providing information and informal education largely addressed to adults. Nigeria television has used this in assisting government in its campaign to mobilise the people towards higher agricultural output and increasing industrial development.
Intensive Educational Broadcasting
This is a process of harnessing television to the formal educational system.
The result was less than satisfactory because the programme was not properly articulated.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to the role of the Broadcast Media in enhancing the growth of Educational system in Nigeria
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information the role of the Broadcast Media in enhancing the growth of Educational system in Nigeria. 200 staff of selected broadcast media in Enugu states was selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain The role of the Broadcast Media in enhancing the growth of Educational system in Nigeria
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Broadcast Media in enhancing the growth of Educational system in Nigeria
Summary
This study was on the role of the Broadcast Media in enhancing the growth of Educational system in Nigeria. Four objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the extent the broadcast media have played in educating the populace in Enugu State, to find out the effectiveness of the media educational programmes on the masses and know these programmes can be improved upon to suit the target audience and to find out the number of people who have benefited from the educational programmes of the broadcast media, more so, how the media help in educational advancement. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected broadcast media in Enugu state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up directors, editors, broadcasters and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
From the definition of media given earlier as the means or channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in society, it can be said that without media, there cannot be education. If people don’t communicate, people cannot be educated. The media has contributed a lot to the educational system. It will have a strong influence on education in Nigeria.
Recommendation
Media should report more on education. This will enable stakeholders contribute to improving the educational system.
There should be more focus on education in lieu of entertainment. This will make it easier for students not to be distracted from schoolwork. If possibly, the media should make learning fun by airing programs and publishing articles that will encourage students to be more interested in education.
References
- Onabajo, O. (2000). Principles of Educational Broadcasting. Gabi Concepts
Limited, Lagos. - Onabajo, O. (2004). Introduction to broadcasting. Lagos: Gabi Concepts.
- Akin-Ojo (2014). Class notes. Nigerian Institute of Journalism.
- Agun, I. and Imogie, I. (1989). Fundamentals of educational technology. Ibadan:Y Books.
- Babalola, B.K. (2012). Educational Broadcasting in Nigeria: A historical Development Perspective: Journal of Communication and Culture.
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- Kozma, B.K.(1994). The influence of media on learning: the debate continues: SLMQ. Vol.22
- Onkargouda, K & Raut N (2012). The Role of the Mass Media in Promoting Education: International Indexed and Referred Research Journal.
- Adekola, G (2008) Methods and materials utilization in adult and non-formal education. Ibadan: Gabesther Educational Publishers
- Aminu, I. (2003) The higher education environment and users of the Nigerian virtual library. Working paper at UNESCO Virtual Library Feasibility Workshop.
