The Role of Policy Implementation on the Performance of Nigeria Public Sector Organization
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The public enterprises in Nigeria as we have seen are characterized by many problems as regards policy implementation. This research work attempts to examine how to make the public sector more efficient and effective.
The prudence of the management workforce, policies depicts and efficient and effective organization. This study therefore tries to discuss.
(i) Problems of implementation of management policy in the Nigeria public sector.
(ii) Remedies to the said problems and means of improving efficiency in the said sector.
(iii) Strategies for such policy implementation and for alienation of public bureaucracies for efficiency in the said sector.
(iv) Finally is making due recommendation in subsequent chapter of this research work.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
PUBLIC SECTOR
Like every other phenomenon in the social science discipline, public administration has no single universally accepted water tight definitions. However, some renowned public administration scholars have provided some useful thoughts that would assist readers to understand the basic ideas contained in the term ‘public administration’. Woodrow Wilson views public administration as “detailed and systematic execution of public law, every particular application of general law is an act of administration”. Luther Gullick perceives public administration as “that part of the science of administration which has to do with government and thus concerns itself primarily with the executive branch where the work of government is done”. Pfiffner observes that “it would seem that administration consist of getting the work of government done by coordinating the efforts of the people so that they can work together to accomplish their set task.” L.D White opined that “public administration consist of all those operations having for their purpose the fulfillment or enforcement of public policy.” In the opinion of Willoughby, “the term administration may be employed in political science in two senses. In its broadest sense, it denotes the work involved in the actual conduct of governmental affairs, regardless of the particular branch of government concerned. In its narrowest sense it denotes the operation of the administrative branch only. As students of public administration we are concerned with the narrowest meaning of the term.” In the words of Waldo, public administration is “the art and science of management as applied to the affairs of the state.” Morstein Max noted that “public administration has come to signify primarily the organization of personnel practices and procedures essential to effective performance of the civilian functions entrusted to the executive branch of government.” (source: Bhagwan & Bhushan; 2010) Underlying these various definitions of public administration is the central role played by the administrative machinery in piloting the affairs of the state. Public administration is basically concerned with how law and government policies should be administered with equity, speed and without friction. It is a systematic execution of the will of the people which has been discovered, formulated and express in the form of laws by the legislature.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitute of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine the role of policy implementation on the performance of Nigeria public sector organization using Selected staff of NITEL, Enugu state as case study form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
HO1: Government intervention in the operations and policies of Nigerian Telecommunication Limited Enugu is not an impediment in the implementation and interpretation of policies.
H1: Government intervention in the operations and policies of Nigerian Telecommunication Limited Enugu is an impediment in the implementation and interpretation of policies
HO2: : Discontinuity in the work life span of managers and their tenure in office does not reflect the results we get from the public sector.
H1: : Discontinuity in the work life span of managers and their tenure in office does not reflect the results we get from the public sector.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain The role of policy implementation on the performance of Nigeria public sector organization
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of policy implementation on the performance of Nigeria public sector organization
Summary
This study was on the role of policy implementation on the performance of Nigeria public sector organization. three objectives were raised which included: Problems of implementation of management policy in the Nigeria public sector, remedies to the said problems and means of improving efficiency in the said sector, Strategies for such policy implementation and for alienation of public bureaucracies for efficiency in the said sector and Finally is making due recommendation in subsequent chapter of this research work.. The study adopted a survey research design and conveniently enrolled 80 participants in the study. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from NITEL Enugu state. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The process of policy formulation and implementation varies from one country to the other. In Nigeria for instance, adequate attention is given only to government and their agencies for the formulation and implementation of public policy. The non-governmental organizations, professional bodies, organized private sector and the civil society groups are completely ignored in this process. Over the years, we have seen so many beautiful policies formulated by the successive governments covering agriculture, health, education, poverty reduction, unemployment and social security among others. However, it seems such beautiful and well-articulated policies are not fully implemented. One can therefore conclude that the problem in Nigeria is not policy formulation but that of implementation. And this is caused by conflicting interest by the elite-class whom they differ sharply in ideological setting, self-serving interest and manipulation of the instrument of policy making to their advantage. Thus, creating a gap or missing-link in the structure of public policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria
Recommendation
That there should be a very strong connecting link between the elites who are the policy makers and the mass public. If this is done it will reduce the tendency of imposed policies from the top. An enabling environment should be created where policy making should be participatory. Public awareness should be created; the civil society groups, professional bodies, organized private sector, and the mass- public should be given the opportunity to present their proposals for policy making and implementation, there by connecting the nexus between the government and other professional bodies.
One of the problems associated with policy implementation in Nigeria is that of lack of adequate funds. In Nigeria, more often than not, programmes and policies are beautifully designed but he matching revenue to implement these policies is a big problem. It is therefore recommended that monies should always be released to ministries, parastatals, department and agencies. So as to enable them implement their programme and activities. Finally, it is recommended that corruption should be reduced in the public service so as to allow free-flow of policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria
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