The Role of Motivation on the Academic Performance of Students
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To determine the role of motivation on academic performance of students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State.
- To determine the extent teachers motivate their students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State.
- To assess the role of parental motivation on students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Concept of Motivation
According to Harin (1972), motivation is difficult to define. The word “motivation” comes from a Latin word “movers” which means to move. Bernard (1983) defines motivation as those phenomena which are involved in the stimulation where there were little or no movement towards goals. Jibrin (2008) defines motivation as inner state of need or desire that activates an individual to do something that will satisfy that need or desire. Brown (2001) defines motivation based on behaviouralistic and cognitive definition. Based on behaviouralistic, Brown defines motivation as anticipation of reinforcement which is powerful concept for the classroom. Based on cognitive definition, Brown classified motivation definition into three categories. First, based on drive theory, motivation stems from basic innate drives. So motivation has been in existence since we are born. Second, based on hierarchy, motivation is something that comes from individual needs. Third, based on self-control theory, motivation is something that appears if there is opportunity to make some one to make own choices about what to pursue and what not to pursue (self-control) (Brown, 2001:73-75). So, motivation is one of the influential factors in learning that drives learners to struggle to reach their goals in learning process 24 and can become a stimulus in learning process. For example, a learner who is motivated to study Economics because he wants to get a gift from his teacher will try to study hard to get the gift, that is, as a stimulus in the learning process. Therefore, motivation is one of the most influential factor in teaching and learning process. Bernard (1983) defined motivation as those phenomena which are involved in the stimulation where there were little or no movement towards the goals. Akinson (1982) define motivation as the arousal of tendency to act to produce one or more effects. Ryan and Deci (2000) stated that to be motivated means to be moved to do something. In other related definitions, Gagneand Medsker (1996) defined motivation as “Cognitive persistence, the drive, tendency or desire to undertake or complete a task, expand effort, and do a quality job” (p. 168). Definitions of motivation were gleaned from a variety of psychology textbooks and reflect the general consensus that motivation is an internal state or condition sometimes described as a need, desire or want that serves to activate or energize behaviour and give it direction (Kleinginna and Kleinginna, 1981). Summarily, motivation in relation to this present study means arousing the interest of the learner.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine the role of motivation on the academic performance of students. selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
H1: There is no role of motivation on academic performance of students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State
H2: There is no role of parental motivation on students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the role of motivation on the academic performance of students. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the role of motivation on the academic performance of students
Summary
This study was on the role of motivation on the academic performance of students. Three objectives were raised which included: To determine the role of motivation on academic performance of students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State, to determine the extent teachers motivate their students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State and to assess the role of parental motivation on students in some selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected secondary schools in Dange Shuni Local Government Area of Sokoto State. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
Based on the result of the findings. It was concluded that the role motivation can the academic performance of student is a critical component of learning. Motivation is important in getting student engage in academic activities. It is also important in determining how much students will learn from the activities they perform or the information to which they will be exposing to. Motivation to do something and come about in many ways. It can be a personality characteristic or a stable long lasting interest in something. Students have a fundamental need to feel connected or related to other people. In an academic environment, research shows that students, who feel they belong, have a higher degree of intrinsic motivation and academic confidence. Based on the research, student’s sense of belonging is fostered by an instructor that demonstrates warmth and openness, friendly and helpful, and is organized and prepared for class. Conclusively, when students are struggling with poor academic performance, how self – efficiency or low motivation, one strategy that may help is to teach them how to learn. That is, to outline specific strategies for completing an assignment, note taking or reviewing for an exam.
Recommendation
- The government should make classroom climate convenient for learning
- The teacher should understand that various talk dimensions can also foster motivation to learning
- Teacher should be relevance, as those “contextualizing” learning i.e. Helping students to see as skills can be apply in the real world.
- Teacher should define tasks in terms of specific, and short terms goals which can assist students to associate effort with success.
References
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