The Influence of Radio on the Promotion of Entrepreneurship Among Mass Communication Students
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The general objective of this study is to determine the influence of radio in the entrepreneurial empowerment of mass communication students at the University of Lagos. The other objectives are:
- To find out if they are exposed to entrepreneurial programs on Inspiration FM.
- To determine if the entrepreneur programs on Inspiration FM motivate mass communication students of the University of Lagos to develop entrepreneurial skills.
- To find out if there are factors that influence Mass communication students of the University of Lagos in accessing entrepreneurial programs on Inspiration FM.
- To examine if mass communication students of the University of Lagos are engaged in entrepreneurial activities as a result of entrepreneurial programs on inspiration FM
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Individuals’ decisions to engage in a certain behavior are influenced by the attitude, behaviors, identity, and examples they provide (Ajzen, 1991), and a person’s sense of self affects the economic outcomes (Akerlof & Kranton, 2000)Entrepreneurship is a vigorous subject, “is a dynamic process of vision, change, and creation”(Kuratko, 2004). Just over half of the governments appear to use the mass media to promote entrepreneurship, specifically television, and radio, but only 38% take steps to nurture the media by providing entrepreneurship-related features and success story profiles. Mass media initiatives to promote entrepreneurship are most evident in Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and United States Canada and to some extent, in eastern European country Finland, the government of Denmark planned to start a media campaign to acknowledge its entrepreneurs. In a country, if the media is claiming that it is easy or difficult to start a business, it is not the same it is true, but such statements will influence the behavior. The media coverage of entrepreneurs is affected positively and will be long felt (Anders Lundström & Lois Stevenson, 2005). There is a need for infrastructure and services to be available for new ventures like business plan competitions, and entrepreneurship education centers mentoring the students as prospected entrepreneurs. Moreover, students studying scientific disciplines seem to contribute to reducing unemployment and starting a business by enhancing economic growth. Government-supported education and support programs development of public policy human capital technological infrastructure and financial reforms are also better determinants (Acs & Szerb, 2007; Roberts, 1991). Media has been defined in different ways “a contraction of the term media of communication, referring to those organized means of dissemination of fact, opinion, and entertainment such as newspapers, magazines, cinema films, radio, television, and the word wide web”(Hang & van Weezel, 2005). It is “a generic term for systems of production, dissemination of information and entertainment of exertion of various kinds of social controls. Unlike a channel which is limited to a contiguous physical medium between sender and receiver of communications, media include the institutions that determine the nature of programming and form of distribution all media are associated with more or less elaborate forms of audience perception” (Krippendorff, 1986). According to Awasthi (2011), entrepreneurship cannot grow in isolation without a supportive public policy (Norris, 2003) there is a visible gap between info-rich and info-poor in the developing world e.g. media is playing an important role in shaping public policy and implementing the public policy in the United Kingdom for continuing relationship; maintaining an influential interventionist competence and promoting the global economic liberalization (Curtis, 2003). According to Hisrich (1988), the new surge of independence, self-actualization, creativity, and concern about the work environment accompanied a wave of prosperity and economic growth in manufacturing-oriented nations like the United States. The attention shifted away from large corporations towards small organizations and the creation of innovative undertakings. A new spirit of entrepreneurship was born in the media as well as in academic institutions. More attention was paid to the lives and success stories of entrepreneurs and, the conception of adding up new academic courses in entrepreneurship (Audretsch et al., 2007) values and attitudes can be shaped by paying attention to entrepreneurs in media, (A. Lundström & L. Stevenson, 2005) supported by government and members of media it is most evident in the Taiwan, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, hosting Small Business Week, from last several years.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used a descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought the influence of radio on the promotion of entrepreneurship among mass communication students
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation that were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire, or as an experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handsets etc. They arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. For example, administration, various other unpublished works, and write-ups were also used.
Population of the study
The population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information on the influence of radio on the promotion of entrepreneurship among mass communication students. 200 staff of Inspiration FM 92.3 at Yaba, Lagos state were selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze, and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The results of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy reference and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed a simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the influence of radio on the promotion of entrepreneurship among mass communication students. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of the influence of radio on the promotion of entrepreneurship among mass communication students
Summary
This study was on the influence of radio on the promotion of entrepreneurship among mass communication students. Four objectives were raised which included: To find out if they are exposed to entrepreneurial programmes on inspiration FM, to determine if the entrepreneur programmes on inspiration FM motivates mass communication students of university of Lagos in developing entrepreneurial skills, to find out if there are factors that influences Mass communication students of University of Lagos in accessing entrepreneurial programmes on inspiration FM, to examine if mass communication students of University of Lagos are engaged in entrepreneurial activities as a result of entrepreneurial programmes on inspiration fm. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of inspiration FM 92.3 at yaba, Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made managers, production managers, marketers and editors were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Entrepreneurial activities play increasingly important roles in building media business success. We think that the research interest in media and entrepreneurship will keep moving up and also, more issues and research questions will come forth in the coming years. Secondly, the current entrepreneurship study in media industries is unevenly distributed. From the media industry perspective, some industries, such as newspaper, film and music industries have attracted more attentions, whereas others are less addressed and investigated (e.g. radio). From the entrepreneurship research perspective, some entrepreneurship subtopics are studied much often than the others. This uneven distribution might be caused by the nature of media industry and entrepreneurship (e.g. family business is a recurrent topic in newspapers, while financing entrepreneurs is common in the film industry).
Recommendation
Nowadays, many issues confronted with media industries in a dynamic and changing environment can be discussed and handled through studies and research in the entrepreneurship domain. Also, entrepreneurship activities can be encouraged and enhanced by the means of media. Therefore, a future research agenda needs to be made to investigate the way by which media and entrepreneurship can promote the development of each other reciprocally and successfully.
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