The Implication of National Broadcasting Commission Rules and Regulations on Africa Independent Television
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This study aims to find out the implications of the national broadcasting commission (NBC) rules and regulations on Africa Independent Television. Specifically, the study seeks to:
- Examine the specific rules and regulations set by the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) that apply to Africa Independent Television (AIT).
- Identify the operational challenges faced by AIT in adhering to NBC rules and regulations
- Investigate factors that influence the AIT broadcasting station in complying with the NBC rules and regulations.
- Identify strategies that AIT can adopt to comply with NBC regulations while minimizing negative impacts on its operations and editorial policies.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Concept of Mass Media
Mass media is a channel, medium, utility, device, or instrument used in the mass communication process. The mass media also includes, printed media, electronic media and Cyber media. Printed media such as newspapers, magazines, books, pamphlets, billboards and other technical tools that bring out the message by touching the senses of sight. Electronic media such as radio and recorded programs use the senses of hearing and television programs, motion picture and video recording covering both senses which is hearing and vision (Ray 2019). Meanwhile the online media (online media, cybermedia) is the internet-based mass media. Mass media is happening to be the suggestions for cultural development, not just culture in the sense of art and symbol but also in the sense of the development of settings, fashion, lifestyle and norms (Pate. & Abubakar 2013).
The Mass Media definitions have therefore been going through dynamic changes on a daily basis. As digital technology develops, mass media, advertising and marketing communications are experiencing new dimensions. Mass media has been described in different ways depending on the context from which the subject is being perceived. Ruben (1984) cited Ray (2019) defined mass media as the communication of behavior-related information. Bozzi (2013), in his own view, sees it as the sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality.
Other definitions place emphasis on the importance of signs and symbols, as well as the transmission of cultural information, ideas, attitudes, or emotions from one person or a group to another. This branch of mass media involves in some ways the aspects of theater, music, dance, folklore, and other complementary traditional communication media. These definitions tend to capture the general idea of the sociological impact of the media on one hand, and the variances in individual perspectives of the media approach on the other hand. From whatever angle we look at it, these definitions may fit well into specific aspects of human development, from philosophy to psychology, from sociology to education, etc. Media in todays world has been described as a combination of content, comprising the scientific and artistic ensemble of music, film, TV, radio, publishing, advertising, and electronic games (Bazley, 2016).
Thus, the mass media is any medium used to transmit mass information. The categorical classifications of what could be termed as mass media forms comprise the eight industries of the mass media industries; books, newspapers, magazines, and recordings, radio, movies, television, and the Internet. Mass media has attained rapid and remarkable expansion, resulting in proliferated dynamism over its content, platforms, and devices, following technological innovations over a long period of years. These developments have provided some dimensions of influence over various industries and social institutions. One major element of the media is the nature of its audience, which refers to its relatively large audience. Mass media is any medium which is intended for a large audience (Smith., 2003). It either takes broadcast or print media form. The broadcast form of media is also referred to as electronic media and is peculiar to radio and television technology. Print media, on the other hand, operates in the form of newspapers, magazines, journals and other print media.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitute of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
The aim or objective of this study is to find out the implication of the national broadcasting commission (NBC) rules and regulation on Africa Independent Television. Thus staff and management selected Africa Independent Television forms the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of thirty five (35) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which thirty (30) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 30 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
The central objective of the study is focused on the implication of the national broadcasting commission (NBC) rules and regulation on Africa Independent Television. Specifically, the study examined the specific rules and regulations set by the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) that apply to Africa Independent Television (AIT). Identified the operational challenges faced by AIT in adhering to NBC rules and regulation, investigate factors that influence AIT broadcasting station in complying with the NBC rules and regulation and identified strategies that AIT can adopt to comply with NBC regulations while minimizing negative impacts on its operations and editorial policies
The research adopted the survey descriptive design and with the aid of convenience sampling method, the researcher selected thirty-five (35) participant who are staff and management S Africa Independent Television. Self- structured questionnaire was issued to the respondent of which thirty (30) were returned and validated. The study made use of descriptive analysis and inferential statistics where data from field survey was analyzed using simple percentage, mean and standard deviation presented in frequencies and tables. Hypothesis test was conducted using Chi-Square Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v.23).
CONCLUSION
Compliance with National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) regulations is critical for Africa Independent Television (AIT) to maintain its broadcasting license and operate within legal and ethical boundaries. Findings of the study reveals that to a large extent Africa Independent Television (AIT) complies with the NBC rules and regulatin however Professionalism of staff, Commercial lobbies, content Production Processes, Management commitment, Audience preferences and market competition are significant factors affecting their compliance. Further studies revealed that there is a significant implication of National Broadcasting Commission rules and regulation on Africa Independent Television such as demandingness of technological compliance of which AIT face infrastructural limitation and technical glitches , financial cost of ensuring compliance, staff awareness of regulation and competence, risk management and legal compliance and licensing and Renewal.
Recommendation
Base he findings of the study, the following recommendations were made:
- The National Broadcasting Commission should do more in monitoring the broadcast materials aired by the broadcasting organizations in Nigeria. By this, not censoring of these media houses but creating a team that would be in charge of actually watching what materials are aired by these television stations and listening to the broadcasts of the radio stations to be able to pinpoint the grey areas and enable their corrections.
- Closely related to the above measure is the creation of a public enlightenment medium by the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) to help the commission inform the members of the public to feel free to report any breaches of the Broadcast code to it. This would enable the commission to mop up those abuses that the commission could not by itself see or hear.
- To make the broadcast organizations to refrain from the flagrant abuse of rules and regulation and create the impression that the broadcast organizations are not doing anything to curtail the excesses of the former; more stringent techniques should be found to make these media organizations feel punished at the end of the day.
- A legal drafting committee which would be entirely made up of lawyers should be constituted, to take another look at the broadcasting code towards re-couching the rules that hitherto more ambiguous or were not properly tailored to take are of the flagrant abuse of the broadcasting code.
- Regular training programs should be organized by AIT to enhance staff awareness and understanding of NBC regulations. This will ensure that all employees are up-to-date with the latest regulatory requirements and best practices in broadcasting.
- AIT should invest in advanced production technologies to streamline content creation processes, reduce technical glitches, and ensure high-quality broadcasts that meet NBC standards. Thy should also foster partnerships with local content creators to enhance the production of high-quality local content, which is often required by NBC regulations.
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