The Impact of Educational Facilities on the Academic Performance of Students in Secondary Schools in Akoko-Edo Local Government Area of Edo State
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of Study
The origin of using facilities to aid learning has been the pre-occupation of the proponent of school facilities. The studying of the teaching facilities in relation to students’ academic performance is to know the importance of teaching facilities.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Brief history of Nigerian education
Before the advent of western education, traditional and indigenous education has been in existence even before both Islamic and Christian forms of education. They existed for many centuries in order to train their children to be of great benefits to the society and particularly each family.
According to Bab Fafunwa (1974), there had been different types of education and this include the home education that parents render to their children in form of folk tales, discipline, stories and also the apprenticeship scheme which existed long before the western type of education arrived.
The formation of Nigeria as a colonial entity could be traced to about 1849 when the British first made a transformational impact on the people and culture of the Niger-Benue area (Afigbo and Uyo, 2000). The transformational impact of British was formally completed in 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria were amalgamated as one territory with Lagos as its capital.
There were two forms of education in Nigeria before the advent of western education. In the 19th century, these were the indigenous/traditional education and the Islamic education. Western education came into the country in the 19th century following the activities of Christian missionaries. Early western education produced catechists and administrative clerks for the colonial rulers. The aim of the missionary also had economic undertone apart from religious aims. They try as much as possible to introduce their new form of education which later proliferated around the whole country that almost all the schools were owned by the missionaries at the end of 19th century.
By 1900, the first protectorate of Northern Nigeria was created, there was no school of the western type except the church missionary society school at Lokoja which was a station of the Niger mission of the church missionary society (C.M.S.) and headquarter of the Niger Royal Company. Only a little number of schools was owned by the government that served as model schools.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research was carried out in Akoko-Edo Local Government Area, examining the impact of educational facilities on the academic performance of students in secondary schools.
STUDY POPULATION
The research work was carried out by random sampling, so as to give average idea on the impact of facilities in secondary schools in Akoko-Edo local educational district. The total of one hundred (100) respondents from Akoko-Edo Comprehensive College, Unity Comprehensive College, Ososo Grammar School, Somorika Grammar School and Ikpeshi Grammar School.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
This chapter is concerned with the analysis of data collected from the study. The eight research questions drawn at the beginning of the study were answered using the information elicited from the students in the study area.
Table 1: Is there relative difference in academic performance between schools with adequate teaching facilities and schools without adequate teaching facilities?
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
INTRODUCTION
In the chapter, attempt will be made to discuss the findings discovered from the research conducted.
SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS
The following findings were made:
- Inadequate facilities adversely affect overall performance of students.
- The provisions of facilities are inadequate in schools.
- The rate of progress of students depends on the availability of facilities that aid learning.
- Students exposed to adequate facilities perform better than those without adequate facilities.
- Human resources are vital for student’s development.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The analysis of the research work has shown the great effects of lack of facilities in our educational system.
In order to have a positive change towards the provision of facilities to our schools today, the following recommendations are made to enhance a normal teaching and learning process. Three groups of people shall be considered as important in the achievement of our aims. These are the school administration, teachers and government.
SCHOOLS ADMINISTRATORS
- The government appoints the school administrators as the sole head and leader of the school organization. He is also referred as the sole authority of the school. He executes the school curriculum. He should be cautious of his office as he controls and coordinate and also depicts the future of the school standard. Ease should be taken in appointing school administrators.
- Also the school administrators should departmentalize their schools into various smaller units so as to enhance easy flow of teaching and learning for the better administration process.
- The school administrators should be able to provide to all departmental because, the facilities provided by government should be judiciously used. Where the facilities are not adequate, the school administrators should be able to make substitute provision for them.
- School administrators should be good at financial matters by being creator of funds and also judicious user of funds because funds enhance objective and goals.
- Zonal educational officers should ensure that principals keep adequate records and reports about the administration of the school by this, check and balance will be administered.
- School administrators should organize fund raising events to draw attention to the areas where facilities are seriously needed.
GOVERNMENT
- The government should regularly organize job-training activities like workshops, seminars, conferences and lectures on educational administration and planning so that participants can be exposed and enlightened more about the new innovations and inventions in school administration process in order to over shadow the old and obsolete ways of school administration that are used before.
- Enough useful facilities should be provided. School inspectors to inspect schools in order to access the extent of facilities of implementation of the school curriculum and make useful suggestions for improvement where necessary.
- Government should take note on the population growth in the country for the present and future demand for education. The required quantity and quality of facilities that will enhance learning should be provided by government. Government wouldn’t have failed because facilities provided were based on Nigerian demographic data. Considering the accuracy of population will enable government provide for facilities. The higher the population the greater the facilities required.
TEACHERS
Akpabio (1982) sees a teacher as a person who has acquired the special skilled required for effective imparting of knowledge and is actually involved in the teaching profession. Teachers are regarded to be very vital in schools.
- Adequate skilled teachers in the different field should be employed to handle various areas of specialization. When teachers in training, they should be well exposed to various courses for enlightenment.
- Educational technology which will enable teachers to make certain teaching aids on their own and at least be able to improve on existing relevant ones, should be compulsorily taught to the teachers at their training levels. The teachers will be able to utilize the facilities provided and not complain that government did not provide such facilities.
- Teachers should show personal interest and manage with the little facilities present in their schools. Maintenance should be seen by teachers as part of their teaching job.
RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER STUDIES
It is recommended for the studies that other local educational districts of other states in Nigeria should be taken into consideration since the research was carried out in only our educational districts.
SUMMARY
This research was carried out under the Akoko-Edo District in order to study the impact of teaching facilities on the academic performance of students. In carrying out this research the questionnaire method used revealed that parents, government, school administrators and teachers have a lot to do in order to improve academic standard in schools.
CONCLUSION
Observation from the research shows that administrators in schools have high positive attitude towards the provision of adequate and effective facilities to school. They strongly believe that the provision of facilities will definitely prove to be a more valid way of improving individual and overall achievers.
Dale E. (1954) stated it all when he remarked that resources can make or man a nation’s educational programme. Babatunde (2000) also stressed the need of using stimulating objects and aids in teaching and that, the quality of education on children receive bears direct relevance to the availability or the lack of physical facilities and overall atmosphere of which those learning take place.
Also the inadequate provision of lecture room spaces, laboratories and workshops, result in a noisy and stuffy atmosphere as students cluster in the small space available.
In conclusion, the importance of facilities can not be overemphasized, efforts should be made in providing quality facilities in large quantity to all schools.
REFERENCES
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