The Effects of Foreign Aid on National Development (A Study of Foreign Health Aid to Nigeria 1999-2003)
Chapter One
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study is an attempt to investigate the effects of foreign aid on the economy of developing nations. In this study also we will look at the advantages and disadvantages of foreign aid. The main issue to be probed in this study is whether countries that offer foreign aid like the USA, Britain, France, etc attach strings or conduct to the aid given to the developing nations. Whether the receiving nation (developing nations use the foreign aid judiciously.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
This chapter is a review of related literature on the effects of foreign aids on national development. The importance of this chapter is to study or review literatures that have been written in the past concerning the subject matter, causes and effects, types of foreign aids and what can be done to curtail the over dependence on foreign aids by developing nations.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The world health organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the united nation (UN) that acts as a co-ordinating authority on international public health established on April, 7th 1948 with headquarters in Geneva Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resource of its predecessors, the health organization which was an agency of the league of nations.
The WHO’s Constitutions States that its objectives is the attainment by all people of highest possible level of health. Its major task is to combat diseases especially kill infections disease and to promote the general health of the people of the world, the World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the original agencies of the united nations its constitution formerly came into force on the first world health day (April, 1948), Jawarhated Nehru, a major freedom fighter of India has policies of the organization and reviews and approves the proposed programme budget.
The World Health Organization is financed by contributions from member states and donors in recent years, the World Health Organization’s work has involved increasing collaboration with external bodies, these are currently in ground 80 partnerships, with NGO’s and the pharmaceutical indies try as well as with foundation such as the “Bill and Mehnda gates foundation” and the “Rock feller foundation”.
CONCEPT OF FOREIGN AID
There is no universal definition of Foreign Aids. The absence of universal definition as to what people from several disciplines study and use the concept of foreign aid differently. They do in a manner that best suits their research purposes buy they purpose but they all believe in foreign aid.
Encyclopedia Britannica (1994-2011) defines Aids as the international transfer of capital, goods or services from a country or international organization for the benefit of the recipient country or its population.
Kevin Davis (2004) defines aids as a term that compasses all sort of financial transfers to developing countries that are provided by multilateral institutions such as the world bank, IMF (International monetary fund) as well as countries on a bilateral, basic and private actors, such as charitable foundation or non government organizations. Supporting of foreign aid does not imply a benevolent rich nations so that the former can meet primary needs of its citizens only. Most often, it is loan provided by a government or international agency that the recipient nation must payback within specified period. It further says that foreign aids serve first and foremost the interest of the donor country and not those of the receiver.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter will present the details of account on how the study was carried out on the effects of foreign aids on national development. Attempt was to describe the design of the study, area of the study, population of the study, sample of the study, instrument for data collection, validation of the instrument, distribution and retrieval of the instrument and method of data analysis.
DESIGN OF THE STUDY
The study utilized a survey research design because of the type of information needed for the investigation. The study seek opinion of workers from one of the branches of World Health Organization (WHO) at Yusuf Maltama Street off Yakubu Gowon way Asokoro Abuja.
AREA OF THE STUDY
The area of study in one of the branches of World Health Organization (WHO) at Yusuf street, off Yakubu Gowon way, Asoroko Abuja.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
The sample of the study is 90 which was drawn from the entire population size of the state.
And 90 is divided as follow:
Population Sample
Accounting staff 25
Personal 30
Administration staff 10
Medical staff 25
Total 90
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Brief introduction of the chapter is concerned with the presentation and analysis of data obtained from questionnaire distributed. The data collected from the research work were analyzed and presented using frequency distributed on percentages as the main element of data analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
An analytical approach to this work shows that foreign aids are received by both developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. It shows that foreign aids is good if utilized properly. The finding of this study shows that:
- Over the years Nigeria leaders have not used the money gotten from developed nations judiciously.
- High strings such as interest rates are attached to aids to developing countries which they find very difficult to pay back as it has amounted to billions of dollars.
- Also foreign aids has contributed to much towards Nigeria development by introducing vaccines to the care of malaria, tuberculosis and preventions towards being infected with HIV/AIDS and also provision of mosquito nets to reduce the rate of malaria infection.
- WHO’s helps provision of drugs for immunization on children between the age 1 year – 5 years to prevent and kick off polio in the society.
CONCLUSION
Foreign aids are foods for both developed and developing societies, the foreign aids to developing country carry high interest rates which makes it different for borrowing countries to repay. That foreign aids has contributed significantly to the development of less developed societies provision of drugs by WHO helps to eliminate polio in the society aid positive effect on the economy of developing nations such as Nigeria.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The following recommendations were made in the course of the findings of the study;
- When seeking for aids for development program or project the developing nations should seek for how interest rate so that that they will not be over burdened in repaying back.
- Project embarked upon should be monitored fill it is completed. This can be done by either the community that will benefit from it or through a monitoring committee.
- Leaders or executors of project should not embezzle money default officials should be purshed.
- Parents should be educated on why it is necessary allow their wards receive immunization through media publishing.
- Nigeria needs the help of foreign aids to boost her economy especially towards health aids through the world health organization (WHO).
REFERNCES
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- Fanon and Frantz (2011). THE Wretched of the earth, London Farrington London Pengium Book.
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