The Effect of Socio- Economic Background of Students on Their Performance in Secondary School Certificate Examination
CHAPTER ONE
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of socio-economic status of parent in the academic performance of students in District V of Lagos state specifically, the study sought to;
- To find out the employability of students’ parents in District V of Lagos State.
- To find out the educational attainment level of parents in District V of Lagos State.
- To determine the social status of parents in District V of Lagos State.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual Framework
Concept of Home Environment
The study of the influence of the home, on the education of secondary school students, has called for the knowledge of the opinion of other eminent people that concerned them with the education and welfare of the child. It is with this understanding that the researcher has devoted part of this chapter to a review of some related work on the education of secondary school students.
Hughes (2013) said that; in studying students we must never lose sight of the importance of environment. Not only the physical environment but also the social environments created by the parents round-about them. The quick subtle changes in the social-economic environment emphasize the need to make an estimate of the students ability or character, considering his environment and behavior in verity of circumstances. He appealed to parents to create time for the family. But he frowned at the situation where by parents refuse to make adequate adjustments. After all, the child relates more to the family then all those other institutions.
Parents should make materials and time allowance to the family, knowing full well that the students would be the leaders of tomorrow. The author showed that the child has two things to gain from education. There is, in the first place, the need for the acquisition of knowledge just to be free from ignorance which entails the understanding of the individual’s environment. The second aspect is the practical aspect of education that has to do with the practical application of the knowledge gained and the use of the skills for the betterment of the society.
According to Ebuoh (2011) who asserted that education make the people to be discontented with the social milieu. The Implication is that once the educated gets dissatisfied with the situation obtainable in his environment, the person would begin to think of way of enhancing the right pattern for the benefit of everybody.
According to Ezeh (2008), The students are taught how to behave in the society, to respect their parents, their elders and the habit of self-respect and the respect of other people’s right in the society and learn to live peacefully with people from divergent ethnic groups and multi religious backgrounds.
This is the mission which education plays as it main roles in the character formation in the students. This confirms the popular belief that education permits, and paves ground for the students to know their social, legal, economic and religious obligations. According to Ofoegbu (2006)” Education enhances self-preservations; the concept of self-preservation seems to entail the equipment of oneself against certain odds and uncertainties that may arise with the tone of event. Such event like business failure and hazards are easily handled when the individual has basic educational background.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN RESEARCH DESIGN
This chapter describes the procedures that was adopted in the product of the study under the following sub-heading: design of the study, area of study, population of study, sample and sampling technique, instrument for data collection, validation of the instrument, method of data collection, method of data analysis and decision rule.
Design of the study
The study adopted a descriptive survey design geared at finding out the Influence of parents’ socio economic status on students’ academic performance in secondary school in District V of Lagos State.
The researcher therefore applied questionnaire to obtain necessary information.
Area of the Study
This research was conducted in (10) government secondary school in District V of Lagos State
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS OF DATA AND RESULTS
The researcher presented and analyses the findings of the research study which was conducted in line with the research questions proposed in chapter one:
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Research Question 1
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSIONS, IMPLICATION, RECOMMENDATIONS, CONCLUSION AND SUMMARY OF THE FINDING
Discussion of the Result
From the responses on the research question one which asked to find the employability of students parents in Ohuara local Government Area of Lagos State. The researcher used questionnaire item 1-3 to answer the question, it is observed that students from parents with high socio-economic status tend to have a sound education. Because they have the opportunity and privilege. They have all it takes to achieve a better education in life. In table 1-III, 242 respondents strongly agreed and agreed to the questions while 58 respondents strongly disagreed and disagreed to the question.
Research question 2 asked, to what extent does the Educational attainment level of parents in District V influence the academic performance of their students. The researcher used questionnaire item 4-6 to answer the question. The researcher observed that students from less socio-economic status are far better in their performance in school when compared to students from high socio-economic status. Though they are not rich, but they tend to be more focused. In table IV-VI, 153 respondents strongly agree and agreed that students from less socio-economic status are better than their counterparts whereas 147 respondents strongly disagreed. From the research question three which asked how the Social Status of parent’s influences their students’s academic performance in school. The researcher used questionnaire item -7-9 to answer the question. It was observed that high income level of parents sometimes has negative influence on their students’s academic performance. In table VII-IX, 175 respondents agreed that high income level of parents sometime has negative influence on the students’s performance while 125 respondents disagreed.
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
From the discussions made so far, it is clearly shown that secondary school students in District V of Lagos State means that home is the socialization agency the child encounters after birth. The child naturally arrives into a home to a condition which he is absolute incapable of helpings himself. His immediate fate depends on the members of family for the survival of the child; providence has built into the parents an imminent affection for the offspring which motivates them to do, within the limits of their ability, whatever they think is best for the child.
Implication of the Study
Some educational implications could be inferred from this study based on the result of the data analysis, interpretation and discussion.
The study showed that the education of the child starts in the home by parents and then extends and continues in the larger society. As birth everyone possesses a set of aptitudes and qualities which must be developed and brought to fruition. For these natural endowments, they come into maturity. Several factors are pre-supposed not the least among these factors is the instruction (education received at home by parents). The study further implied that it is on the foundation laid by the home that the school and the society build up.
Recommendations
The researcher recommends a ministry of students affaires that will look into the welfare of students and their performance in academic. Furthermore, parents who are separated should for the sake of their students come together and train the students in a right manner. The recommended further studies will be on:
- Home education problems and prospects
- The place of parents on academic performance of child.
- The influence of home in academic performance of the child in District V Local Government of Lagos State.
Limitations of the Study
In carrying out the study, the researcher encountered some problems. This affected the study. One of the limitations of this study was:
- Finance: The cost of materials and transporting to the various schools were on the high side.
- Reluctance of people to respond: The students were not interested in responding to the questionnaire as some of them even objected to collecting the questionnaire.
- Time frame: The time allocated for the research was too short and made the work difficult and stressful.
Above all these the research was able to carry out the research within her limits.
Suggestion for further research
- The impact of parents on the achievement of their students’s academic performance in school and in the society.
- The role of the government towards the students of less social economic status in the society.
- The roles of parents or family in the life of their students towards their future and school activities.
Summary of the Findings
From this, the researcher highlighted the objectives of the study which enables some contribution of authors on the topic to be revealed. In the chapter two, the methods used in carrying out the study were briefly stated. This enabled the researcher to collect the data that were analysed in chapter three. The result of the data analysis was discussed in chapter four. The result revealed the influence of socio economic status of parents on the academic performance of their students. Its courses and prevention especially in District V metropolis.
The research result revealed that secondary school students in District V have just little knowledge about socio economic status of their parents towards their academic. Although some said;
- Home influence is very strong in the training of a child.
- An academic environment facilitates a child’s education
- School and teachers help to train and mould a child academic performance.
- Parents engineers’ a child’s academic performance
- The future career of the child is guided by the home
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