The Effect of End Sars Protest on Small and Medium Enterprises (Smes) in Lagos State
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the Study
The purpose of this study is to investigate into the causes of the EndSARS protest in Lagos State and to find out if the EndSARS protest has any negative effect on Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos State.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literatures that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Protest
According to Daniel L. Schofield (1994), a protest is a public expression of objection, disapproval or dissent towards an idea or action, typically a political one. Protests can take many different forms, from individual statements to mass demonstrations. Protesters may organize a protest as a way of publicly making their opinions heard in an attempt to influence public opinion or government policy, or they may undertake direct action in an attempt to enact desired changes themselves. Where protests are part of a systematic and peaceful nonviolent campaign to achieve a particular objective, and involve the use of pressure as well as persuasion, they go beyond mere protest and may be better described as cases of civil resistance or nonviolent resistance.
Various forms of self-expression and protest are sometimes restricted by governmental policy (such as the requirement of protest permits), economic circumstances, religious orthodoxy, social structures, or media monopoly. One state reaction to protests is the use of riot police. Observers have noted an increased militarization of protest policing in many countries, with police deploying armored vehicles and snipers against protesters. When such restrictions occur, protests may assume the form of open civil disobedience, more subtle forms of resistance against the restrictions, or may spill over into other areas such as culture and emigration.
A protest itself may at times be the subject of a counter-protest. In such cases, counter-protesters demonstrate their support for the person, policy, action, etc. that is the subject of the original protest. Protesters and counter-protesters can sometimes violently clash.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
DATA PRESENTATION
Table : Demographic data of respondents
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
CONCLUSION
In this study, our focus was to carry out a critical analysis on the effect of EndSARS protest on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State. The study specifically was aimed at ascertaining if the EndSARS protest has any negative effect on Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos State.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 230 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are owners of SMEs and residents of Lagos State.
The findings revealed that extortion, abuse and human rights of suspects and extrajudicial killings as well as bad government were among the causes of EndSARS protest in Lagos state. The findings also revealed that killing of protesters by security operatives and military, destruction of private and public properties by protesters, disruption of movement and looting and vandalization of shops were among the negative effects of the EndSARS protest in Lagos state. The findings further revealed that the EndSARS protest has negative effects on SMEs in Lagos state.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the responses obtained, the researcher proffers the following recommendations:
- The federal government of Nigeria should look into the reasons behind the protest that caused chaos and uproar in all the 36 states in Nigeria and enact laws and structures that bring to an end the brutality of SARS in Nigeria.
- The government of Nigeria should endeavor to orientate the SWAT properly so that they will not be like pouring new wine in an old wine skin. That is the SWAT being another version of SARS.
- The federal of Nigeria should carry out a thorough check on all members of the SWAT force and their academic qualifications to ascertain their eligibility for the work.
- Government of Nigeria should come to the realization that SMEs are the life wire that drives any economy and should do their best to make sure that their interests are protected.
- Government of Nigeria should look into those whose shops were looted and vandalized and put assistance measures in place to restore them for full operation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Akpata, B. (1990): The Role of Entrepreneurship in Business.
- Broom, and Longnecker (1972): The Impact of Entreprenuerial Development in an Economy.
- Ezeh, J. (1997): The Role of Small scale Business in Nigeria Economy.
- Feldman, C. (1989): The Importance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises.
- Harper Boyd, Ralph Westfall and Stanlves (1997): Marketing Research Test and Cases (Illinois Richard D. Irwin Inc).
- Huglice, and Musselman (1973): Small scale Enterprises and the Economy.
- Martin, Shaw and Jack Wright (1977): Scale for Measurement of Attitude (New York: Mc Graw Hill book company).
