The Effect of Bullying on Junior Secondary School Students as It Affect Their Academic Performance
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Having examined the problem to be investigated in the study, it is imperative to state the purpose of this study, hence these include;
- To find out the negative impact of bullying on students in schools in Edo State.
- To find out whether students in Edo State are really bullied in schools.
- To find out why the students are bullied.
- To make recommendations on the ways to stop bullying.
- To find out the extent to which it has affected the academic performance in Edo State.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Bullying is no longer considered as a normal rite of passage, but a primary public health problem, which is known to pose serious long-term impacts in schools (Swartz, 2016). Some children and youths are victims of bullying in schools, and they are bullied through different electronic means (Swartz, 2016). It is well established that bullying among children and youths lead to different physical symptoms such as headache and sleep disturbances. Bullying in schools also leads to anxiety, depression, and substance use, especially among youths Menesini & Salmivalli, (2017). Similarly, perpetrators experience long-term consequences such as higher risks for depression and can engage in activities, such as vandalism and theft (Swartz, 2016). Bullying has been witnessed in some of the Cameroon schools. Elamé (2013) explained that in Cameroon, school children experienced different types of bullying, such as physical bullying, which has been an intercultural challenge. Bullying in Cameroon is attributed to intercultural education, and the majority of immigrants are the most affected population. This chapter throws more light on the definition of bullying, the types of bullying which include physical, verbal, social, and cyberbullying, and the incidence/prevalence of bullying. The literature in this section was reviewed on bullying and school environment, bullying and academic performance, and bullying, and mental health.
Bullying
A major challenge in the research of bullying is the definition of bullying Espelage et al., (2003). Several unique definitions for bullying exist, but not everyone agrees to it (Cowie & Jennifer, 2008). Research on bullying began over 40 years ago and was defined as the aggressive behavior, which is conducted intentionally by an individual or group of people frequently for some time against victims who have no ability to defend themselves (Menesini & Salmivalli, 2017).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine the effect of bullying on junior secondary school students as it affects their academic performance. Selected secondary schools in Edo state form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
H1: there is no negative impact of bullying on students in schools in Edo State.
H2: there is no extent to which it has affected the academic performance in Edo State
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of bullying on junior secondary school students as it affect their academic performance. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the effect of bullying on junior secondary school students as it affects their academic performance
Summary
This study was on the effect of bullying on junior secondary school students as it affects their academic performance. Three objectives were raised which included: To find out the negative impact of bullying on students in schools in Edo State, to find out whether students in Edo State are really bullied in schools, to find out why the students are bullied, to make recommendations on the ways to stop bullying and to find out the extent to which it has affected the academic performance in Edo State. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected secondary schools in Edo state. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The study concluded that bullying takes place at every phase of life. Not only the girls but boys are also vulnerable to bullying. Boys are found to be more bullied than girls. It was also found that bullying have negative impact on academic performance of students. Students who faced bullying most of the time in school had the greatest risk of low achievement
Recommendation
The bullying aspect in schools provides the basis for schools to assure conformity with school rules and policies. The study’s findings provide the foundation to recommend private and public schools to ensure all students and teachers adhere to the set of rules and regulations to reduce the cases of bullying. The study revealed that teachers should be role models to the students in complying with the rules to avoid cases of bullying. This recommendation is given on the basis that the majority of students are highly affected by bullying. Thus, assuring adherence to school rules and policies with respect to bullying may help in preventing cases of bullying.
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