School Organisational Support and Teachers’ Effectiveness in Education
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major purpose of this study was to examine organisational support and teachers’ effectiveness in public secondary schools in Education District VI, Lagos state. Specifically, the study aimed:
1. To examine the influence of career development on teachers’ effectiveness.
2. To investigate the extent to which incentive packages influence teachers’ effectiveness.
3. To examine the influence work design on teachers’ effectiveness.
4. To determine the extent to which facilities influence teachers’ effectiveness.
5. To ascertain if participation in decision making influence teachers’ effectiveness.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
This chapter examines the related literature of various scholars such as published and unpublished works, journals and research projects related to school organisational support and teacher’s effectiveness in education.
Perceived Organizational Support
Most employees may feel that their services to an organization, in ensuring organizational objectives are met, should be reciprocated with organizational support for their well-being and welfare. Thus, a social exchange will be needed and sought after by employees from the employers to perform, be satisfied with their work and to commit to the organization they are working for. Such reciprocity would bring about a perceived balance of exchange and, in turn, intensify relationships (Shukla and Rai, 2015).
Perceived Organization Support, or in short POS, is all about employees’ perception that the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being (Neves and Eisenberger, 2014). According to organizational support theory, as cited in Neves and Eisenberger, 2014, employees who receive valued resources (e.g. pay raises, developmental training opportunities) develop their POS and feel obligated, based on the reciprocity norm (Gouldner, 1960) to strive to repay the organization by helping it reach its objectives (Eisenberger et al., 1986; Eisenberger and Stinglhamber, 2011; Rhoades and Eisenberger, 2002; Shore and Shore, 1995). Consistent with same organisational support theory, Masterson, 2001, as cited in Shanock and Eisenberger, 2006, suggested that, when service based employees receive favorable treatment from the employers, it would have a positive impact in the treatment of their customers. In fact, Masterson, 2001, found that service employees who held the perception that they were treated fairly by the employer, have generally treated their customers well. In fact, customers were found to rate service employees with high POS as more attentive, more courteous, and concerned about the their (customers’) best interest than the employees with low POS (Bell and Menguc, 2002) as cited in Shanock and Eisenberger, 2006. In fact, in this research, the focus is on a college and they are a premium private education provider, where service is of utmost importance. Thus, perceived organisation should be viewed as an important factor to the success of such a service based organisation. When employees hold the perception that they are being valued and cared about by the organization, it would encourage them to work towards incorporating organizational membership and role status into their self-identity, whilst increasing their prosocial acts carried out on behalf of the organization (Brief& Motowidlo, 1986; Buchanan, 1974, 1975;Etzioni, 1961; Hrebiniak, 1974; Kelman, 1961; Levinson,1965; Meyer & Allen, 1984; Mowday et al., 1979, 1982;O’Reilly & Chatman, 1986; Steers, 1977, as cited in Eisenberger et al., 1990).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we would describe how the study was carried out.
RESEARCH DESIGN
This study is a survey which utilized quantitative approaches. It examined in detail school organisational support and teachers’ effectiveness in education.
The surveys research method was used for this study. This was considered appropriate because survey design generally can be used to effectively investigate problems in realistic settings. The survey technique will also allow the researcher to examine several variables.
Descriptive studies of the survey nature are used not only for the purpose of description but also for the determination of relationships between variables at the time of study (Babbie, 1973). The survey design was chosen in this case because it enabled the study to cover a larger area thus the findings are applicable to a large area.
RESEARCH SETTINGS
This study was carried out among selected teachers in Education District VI Lagos state Nigeria.
Education District VI
This was one of the six Districts created on 31st of August 2005 from the defunct Lagos State Post-Primary Teaching Service Commission (PPTESCOM) by the Lagos State Government through a Law enacted by the Lagos State House of Assembly and published on the 11th July, 2005. Their establishment was:
- To decentralized secondary schools administration from one-way centralization of the defunct PPTESCOM.
- To remove the administrative bottleneck and red tapeism created by the defunct PPTESCOM.
- To act as an interface between the Schools and Ministry of Education on policy implementation.
- To empower the Principal’s to attain the position of Tutor General/Permanent Secretary.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133 (one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned due to the fact that the researcher distributing questionnaires for on the spot assessment.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the summary of the study, conclusion and recommendations based on the findings from the study.
SUMMARY
This study aimed at having an overview of school organisational support and teacher’s effectiveness in education. The study opened with chapter one where the statement of the problem was clearly defined. The study objectives and research hypotheses were defined and formulated respectively. The study reviewed related and relevant literatures. The chapter two gave the conceptual framework, empirical and theoretical studies. The third chapter described the methodology employed by the researcher in collecting both the primary and the secondary data. The research method employed here is the descriptive survey method. The study analyzed and presented the data collected in tables and the hypotheses were tested using the Chi square while the fifth chapter gives the study summary and conclusion.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATONS
In this study we found out that there is a significant influence of career development on teachers’ effectiveness and that there is a significant influence of incentive packages on teachers’ effectiveness.
Some of the findings of the study are: career development, facilities, incentive packages, participation in decision making and work design influence teacher effectiveness.
REFERENCES
- Allen, D. G., Shore, L. M., & Griffeth, R. W. (2003). The role of perceived organizational support and supportive human resource practices in the turnover process. Journal of management, 29(1), 99-118.
- Armeli, S., Eisenberger, R., Fasolo, P., & Lynch, P. (1998). Perceived organizational support and police performance: the moderating influence of socioemotional needs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2), 288.
- Aselage, J., & Eisenberger, R. (2003). Perceived organizational support and psychological contracts: A theoretical integration. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 491-509.
- Baloyi, S., van Waveren, C. C., & Chan, K. Y. (2014). The role of supervisor support in predicting employee job satisfaction from their perception of the performance management system: A test of competing models in engineering environments. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 25(1), 85-95.
- Becker, H. S. (1960). Notes on the concept of commitment. American Journal of Sociology, 32-40.
