Relationship Between Work Life Balance (Wlb) and Business Studies Teaching Jobs Performance in Edo State
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To investigate the effect of welfare policies on the performance of business studies teachers
- To ascertain the effect of family responsibilities on the performance of business studies teachers
- To determine the effect of flexible working arrangements on the performance of business studies teachers
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
Near and Sorcinelli (1989) find out that nowadays there is increase in dual earning couple, less commuter couples, women academicians who marry and bear children, and male teachers who find themselves likely to take on family commitments. In spite of all this there is little such research on the above mentioned area. Teaching is stressful (Borg & Riding, 1991) it has been found that 5% to20% of all U.S. teachers/ academicians are burned out or stressed (Farber, 1991). In comparison with other professions, teachers show high levels of fatigue and pessimism, which are said to be the core dimensions of burnout/ work life conflict (Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996; Schaufeli &Enzmann, 1998). Kalimo and Hakanen (2000) conducted a study in Finland where educators have the highest burnout levels when they are compared to workers in all other human services and white collar/executive jobs. Hakanen et al., (2006) has used the job demand model which proposes that there are two processes one was said to be energetical process and motivational process, where energetical process can lead to ill health, later can lead to organization commitment. Much of the previous research on faculty work life has included such issues as faculty members‟ behavior, productivity and motivation (Blackburn and Lawrence, 1995). Johnsrud and Rosser (2002) conducted a study on faculty members in their study; they proposed and tested a multilevel structural equation model (SEM). The purpose of their model was to determine the impact of faculty morale and work life on their intent to leave and determine whether the impact is a function of institutional or individual perception. The results indicated that the perceptions faculty members have of their work life had a direct and powerful impact on their morale, and subsequently on their intentions to leave at both the individual and group or institutional levels. There was modest or no direct consequence of work life and demographic variables on faculty members‟ intentions to leave. Thus, the eminence of faculty members‟ work life affects their level of morale, and in turn, morale affects their intentions to leave their career or position. Smyth (1991) concluded that widespread economic recession seems to have shaped conditions where schools come under escalating pressures to provide measurable results by tight controls over teachers‟ work.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to relationship between work life balance (WLB) and business studies teaching jobs performance in Edo state
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain relationship between work life balance (WLB) and business studies teaching jobs performance in Edo state. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of relationship between work life balance (WLB) and business studies teaching jobs performance in Edo state
Summary
This study was on relationship between work life balance (WLB) and business studies teaching jobs performance in Edo state. Three objectives were raised which included: To investigate the effect of welfare policies on the performance of business studies teachers, to ascertain the effect of family responsibilities on the performance of business studies teachers and to determine the effect of flexible working arrangements on the performance of business studies teachers. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staffs of selected secondary schools in Edo state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made principals, vice principals adm, teachers and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The study found that certain types of leaves were present and more effective in determining teachers’ welfare. For instance, annual leave and sick leave seems to be effective, but study leave has less impact perhaps because it does not apply to the majority. Ultimately, the leave policies were found to be negatively correlated with teachers’ performance. Therefore, the study concludes that leave policies are important but does not positively affect employees’ performance. However, lack of leave policies may cause a decrease in employees’ performance.
Recommendation
The leave policies were found to be negatively correlated to employees’ performance. While live policies do not improve performance, their absence affects the performance negatively. Therefore, it would be prudent for any employer to enhance the leave policies to ensure that all employees are covered; that is, regardless of the position of the employees. The flexible work arrangements are positively correlated with performance, but there was a wide gap between the employees in the senior level of management and the subordinates. Therefore, it is recommended more flexible work arrangements be made available to all employees provided it won’t compromise on the performance.
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