Relationship Between Weight and Blood Pressure of Patients With High Blood Pressure.
CHAPTER ONE
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE
This project work is aimed at investigating whether there is a relationship between weight and blood pressure of patients with high blood pressure.
- To estimate the regression model between the variables based on the sample collected.
- To test the significance of the coefficient of regression.
- To determine the extent and direction of the relationship between the variables; weight and blood pressure.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
In this chapter, we will be looking at measurement of blood weight, types of hypertension, causes of high blood pressure and epidemiologist and their studies on high blood pressure.
INTRODUCTION
Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure (HBP) is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. It is classified as either primary (essential) or secondary. About 90-95% of the cases are termed “primary hypertension” which refers to high blood pressure for which no medical cure can be found. The remaining 5-10% of cases (secondary hypertension) are caused by another conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart or endocrine system. Mulatero P, Bertello C. (2009). Persistence hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, heart attacks, heart failure and arterial aneurysm and is a leading cause of chronic kidney failure. Moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to short life. Both dietary and lifestyle changes as well as medicines can improve blood pressure control and decrease the risk of associated health complications. Sacks F.M, Svetkey L.P (2008).
Body weight
Although some people prefer the less ambiguous term “body mass” the term body weight is overwhelmingly used on daily basis especially in the context of biological and medical sciences to describe the mass of an organism’s body. Body weight is measured in kilograms through out the world, although in some countries, people more often measure and describe body weight in pounds, e.g United States and Canada or in stones and pounds, eg among people in the Commonwealth of Nations and thus may not be well acquainted with measurement in kilograms.
TYPES OF HYPERTENSION
ESSENTIAL (PRIMARY) HYPERTENSION: This is the most prevalent hypertension type, affecting 90-95% of hypertensive patients. This type of hypertension is a risk factor for hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis). It also predispose individuals to heart disease and obstruction of the arteries in the arms and legs (peripheral arterial disease). It is the most important risk factor for death in industrialized countries and increases the risk of stroke, heart attack and heart failure. Uchiyama M. (2008).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The validity as well as the relevance of the statistical investigation depends on the statistical tool or model used in data analysis. In this chapter, I shall review the statistical models to be employed in the analysis of the data which are:- Regression, correlation coefficient R and coefficient of determination R2.
REGRESSION: This describes the relationships between variables. It is a means of studying the variation of one quantity (dependent variables “Y”) at selected levels of another quantity (independent or predictor variable “X”). The word regression was first used by Prof. Francis Galton in the study of certain genetic relationship.
If we have two variables say X and Y, a straight line relationship between them can be expressed by an equation such as Y=a+bx where ‘a’ and ‘b’ are constants.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter is based on data analysis, presentation of results and interpretation. The computational techniques which will be employed here has been explained in the previous chapter.
USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS
The formular for regression analysis is given as Y = α + BW
Where Y is the ratio of the systolic over the diastolic and W is the the weight of patients.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
From the study and analysis carried out it is seen that the condition of patients with high blood pressure is worsened by excess weight and in order for them to become normal they need to work on their weight.
CONCLUSION
The study sought to examine the effect of weight on blood pressure of hypertensive patients Y = 1.726 – 4.32E-03
The empirical findings of the study reveals that weight has an impart on the level of blood pressure and this falls in line with what have been mentioned in our literature review. Therefore, it is wise to say that weight loss may contribute positively in managing the problem of hypertension.
RECOMMENDATION
From our study we can see that excess weight increases the blood pressure of patients with high blood pressure, so in order for the patients to become normal they should be doing the followings:-
- Watch and control their food intake by eating more fruits, vegetables, food that contain more fiber and vitamin D, eating more fish and avoid much alcohol intake.
- They should engage themselves in regular aerobic exercise. That is, walking or running for about 20 to 30 minutes most days of the week.
- Visit the clinic more frequently and take anti-hypertensive drugs.
Finally, for further study on this topic I recommend that an increase in the sample size will enable us have a better understanding of the estimate of the relationship existing between the variables used.
REFERENCES
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