Relationship Between Nigeria Home Video and Crime
Chapter One
Objectives of the Study
The major objective of this study is to ascertain the impact of Nigerian movies on the general society.
The specific objectives of the study are as follows:-
- To ascertain if there is an over-emphasis on negative themes in Nigerian movies.
- To identify the negative effects or disadvantages associated with watching Nigerian movies.
- To find out how Nigerian movies can affect society indirectly.
- To ascertain the relationship between Nigerian video films and criminality.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Film was introduced into Nigeria in the 1900’s by the British colonialist who used it for propaganda purposes, while the church used it to spread the Gospel. The Colonial Administration and the Church saw film not only as a medium of entertainment but as an effective medium of communication [Akpabio, 2003]. The British colonialist with the Christian missionaries used film amongst other media to persuade Nigerians to accept Christianity, education and the western culture. On Monday, August 12, 1903, the first motion picture was shown in Nigeria at the Glover Memorial hall in Lagos by Mr. Balboa of Barcelona, Spain, under the management of a Nigerian Herbert Macaulay, who later closed his exhibition in Lagos and left to continue showing films in other West African countries. After his departure, an enterprising European merchant, Stanley Jones, began to show films in the same Glover Memorial Hall, and he showed his first films in November 1903, [Mgbejume, 1989], gradually it grew and became popular in the 1960’s. The Nigeria Home Movie industry thus, began from there. Television broadcasting in Nigeria began in 1960’s and received government support in its early years, but by the mid-1980’s, every State had its own broadcasting station. Laws were made by the broadcast governing bodies to limit foreign program contents, however, the National Commission recommends a 60-40 local –foreign programme ratio for all broadcast stations, and so producers in Lagos began televising local popular theater productions. Many of these were later circulated on video and as a result, a small scale informal video movie trade developed. Nigerian film is thus a video movie industry which Nigerians call ‘home video’. This small local market in videos has exploded into a booming industry that has pushed foreign movies off the shelves in most African countries, and is now marketed in many parts of the world, but especially on the African continent. Nollywood films were initially produced with traditional analog video, such as Beta cam SP, but today in Nigeria, movies are produced using digital video technology. Call to remember in 1992, on the release of ‘Living in Bondage’, a film about a businessman whose dealings with a money cult result in the death of his wife, as the industry’s first blockbuster. Since then thousands of movies have been released. The Nigerian Home Movie industry is rated as the third-largest after Hollywood and Bollywood, releasing about 200 films per month [Cinema of Nigeria, Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia]. A Nigerian Film Institute was established in November 1995 in Jos. This establishment has helped greatly in developing talents for the Nigerian Movie Industry, hence, cinema in Nigeria from there began to blossom. However, the Nigerian film industry emerged over time, but the cost of production greatly hampered its progress. Film makers who were unable to cope with cost of shooting on celluloid turned to reversal film stock and later on video tapes [ibid]. So unlike America and India, the Nigerian film industry uses the video cassette format and recently the video compact Disc [VCD]. As a consequence, most Nigerian films are not shown in Cinema houses since they are shot straight into video tapes, replicated and sold for home viewing The boom of Nigerian home video industry that is currently experiencing is credited to Nigerian businessmen of Igbo extraction, particularly Kenneth Nnebue, an electronic dealer and film promoter who taught that a retail market could be opened up by the sale of video. Kenneth Nnebue’s first film ‘Aje Ni Iya Mi’ in 1989 was very profitable and also served as a booster to home video productions, in spite of the fact that it was actually Yoruba traveling theatre artistes who began making video films in 1970’s.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to relationship between Nigerian home video and crime
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information relationship between Nigerian home video and crime. 200 residents of Nsukka, Enugu state were selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Relationship between Nigerian home video and crime. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Relationship between Nigerian home video and crime
Summary
This study was on relationship between Nigerian home video and crime. Four objectives were raised which included: To ascertain if there is an over-emphasis of negative themes in Nigerian movies, to identify the negative effects or disadvantages associated with watching Nigerian movies, to find out how Nigerian movies can affect the society indirectly, to ascertain the relationship between Nigerian video films and criminality. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 residents of Nsukka, Enugu state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made students, civil servants, men and women were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Nigerian Home movie producers have failed to make any strong comment against social ills in our society, instead use them in their messages without realizing that arts can be viewed as having therapeutic effect that can both mirror and heal the society of its perceived ills. One question that critics have failed to answer is that, whose job is it when youths watch movies and often times get influenced by what they have seen, is it the parents!, the regulators, or the youths themselves
Recommendation
- The producers’ of video films should know that they owe the larger society a duty to promote the greater good of the society, and should realize that the ennobling virtues which the society covets should find expression in their video productions
- Parents should however pay attention to the kinds of movies their wards are exposed to in order to prevent them from ending up in jail at the long run
- The Media need to be really careful when packaging a message, since it affects those that are exposed to it
REFERENCES
- Akpabio, E. [2003], “Themes and Conflict of Nigerian Home Video Movies” in Unilaag Personality and social Psychology,Vol.4 No 1pp 589-595
- Andy, [Menech, [Producer/Director], [2001], Ebube, Land of Tears.
- Ayantayo, K.J. [1999], “The Challenges of African Social Ethics in Cultural Contexts” in Ife, E., [ed], Coping with Culture. Ibadan: Opoturu
- Books Federal Office of Statistics, [2009]: Annual Abstract of Statistics Abuja, Nigeria
- Ezeanyaeche, [Producer], 2003] Abuja Connection Onistsha: O. Onistsha: 2002,
- Falola, TOYIN, [1999], “The History of Modern Nigeria” Cited in www.nollywood.com
- Folarin, B. [2001], [2001], “;Theories of Communication an introduction”, New York: Mc Graw-Hill Publishing Companies.
- Kosoko, J. [Producer/Director], [2001], fyawa Alhaji, Lagos: Dudu Films.
- Ojiodfor Osuagwu, E.D., [Executive Producer] 2002], Dead of the Night
- Scott, A. [2008] “Public Relations. “Microsoft@Student DVD Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.
- Turtoe-Sanders, Patience, [1998], “African Tradition in Marriage: An Insider’s Perspective”.www.nollywood.com
- Griffin, E. (1991). A First Look at Communication Theory. New York: McGraw – Hill, Inc.
- Hanson, R.E (2005). Mass Communication: Living in a Media World. California: McGraw Hill.
