Prevalence of Cancer and Prevention Through Awareness Programmes Among Women in Anambra State
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain whether breast cancer is the prevalence ones in Anambra state
- To find out the prevention of breast cancer among women through awareness programme in Anambra state
- To find the causes of breast cancer in Anambra state
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in a body. These abnormal cells are termed cancer cells, malignant cells, or tumor cells. These cells can infiltrate normal body tissues. Many cancers and the abnormal cells that compose the cancer tissue are further identified by the name of the tissue that the abnormal cells originated from (for example, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer). Cancer is not confined to humans; animals and other living organisms can get cancer. Below is a schematic that shows normal cell division and how when a cell is damaged or altered without repair to its system, the cell usually dies. Also shown is what occurs when such damaged or unrepaired cells do not die and become cancer cells and show uncontrolled division and growth — a mass of cancer cells develop. Frequently, cancer cells can break away from this original mass of cells, travel through the blood and lymph systems, and lodge in other organs where they can again repeat the uncontrolled growth cycle. This process of cancer cells leaving an area and growing in another body area is termed metastatic spread or metastasis. For example, if breast cancer cells spread to a bone, it means that the individual has metastatic breast cancer to bone. This is not the same as “bone cancer,” which would mean the cancer had started in the bone.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to prevalence of cancer and prevention through awareness programmes among women in Anambra state
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on prevalence of cancer and prevention through awareness programmes among women in Anambra state. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of prevalence of cancer and prevention through awareness programmes among women in Anambra state
Summary
This study was on prevalence of cancer and prevention through awareness programmes among women in Anambra state. Three objectives were raised which included: To ascertain whether breast cancer is the prevalence ones in Anambra state, to find out the prevention of breast cancer among women through awareness programme in Anambra state and to find the causes of breast cancer in Anambra state . In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of teaching hospital awka south local government, Anambra state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made doctors, nurses, lab technicians and junior staffs were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Women in Anambra State have inadequate knowledge of breast cancer. However knowledge of breast cancer significantly differs among women of diverse educational backgrounds, age and location. Breast cancer knowledge was higher among those with higher levels of education, younger women and women who live in the urban areas. However there is need for improved breast cancer education intervention to enhance women’s breast cancer knowledge in the State
Recommendation
Based on the findings of this study the following recommendations are made:
Health workers should embark on intensive breast cancer education programmes with emphasis on early detection of symptoms and personal risk assessment through the instrumentality of health care providers and through community based organizations like women associations.
There is also need to maximize the use of the mass-media in the dissemination of cancer education especially through radio and television which enjoy higher listenership.Programmes for breast cancer education should be mounted for women in the state to improve their knowledge especially for rural women, women with non-formal level of education as well as older women (44 years and above). This can be achieved by designing programmes which specifically target these disadvantage segments of society.Government should sponsor the integration of breast cancer education into the health education curriculum from an early stage of education and at every level of education to improve the knowledge of the masses through the educational system.
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