Post Retirement Lifestyle of Some Nigerians and the Counselling Implications
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of the Study
The major objective of the study is to examine the relationship between lifestyle and health status of post – retired workers in Nigeria.
The Specific Objectives of the Study are to;
- determine the relationship between the health status and food consumption patterns of post – retired workers in Nigeria.
- determine the relationship between the lifestyle and income of post – retired workers in Nigeria.
- identify the social network that exists for enhancing lifestyle and health status of the post – retired worker in Nigeria.
- determine the care given by the relations of the post – retired workers and his/her lifestyle in Nigeria.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
The literature review for this study is reported under the following sub-headings.
Theoretical Framework
This research study was hinged on Maslow‟s Theory of Human Motivation (Maslow, 1943). The theory explained that satisfaction of basic needs constitutes lifestyle, which is related to health. Theory further posited that there are five basic interrelated needs model, which has been applied to variety of economic and social situations. When applied to the needs of the post – retired worker, it shows areas that contribute to lifestyle for the post – retired workers. The following are the basic interrelated needs which are common with the post – retired workers in Nigeria.
Physiological Needs of post – retired workers
The theory emphasized that all people no matter their age, start with the most basic of requirements, food, drink, shelter, sleep and treatment of illness and injury, are fundamental to survival. When providing care for the post – retired workers, this is the area that most caregivers focus on. Providing these basics, especially with the focus on health for the frail and disabled, take the bulk of a caregiver‟s time and energy. Psychological needs are more about survival.
Security needs of post – retired workers
The theory stressed that once physical survival is safeguarded the next rung up the leader is security. This is an issue that many adult, children of aging parents worry about and often the source of conflicts between the generations. The post – retired, especially those who feel vulnerable due to injury or illness, desire a sense of security, especially from their off spring.
Sensitivity is needed when discussing security concerns such as driving, maintaining the house or being alone at home. When intervention is taken for safety sake, retiree can strongly react to the loss of their independence; it is wise to replace the loss through transportation service and in-home care. (Lukas 2005).
Social needs of post – retired workers
Being connected socially is very important to all people, but for the post – retired workers it becomes a key lifestyle concern. Due to health issues or lack of ability to get out, the retirees find their social opportunities shrinking and they spend more of their time alone. The retiree needs opportunities to become involved socially with family, friends and the community. Attending functions at the local senior centers, volunteering or connecting through social media can help the post – retired feel like a contributing member of society. (Oliver2003).
Self-esteem of the post – retired
The theory further lamented that post – retired worker, like all people, wants to feel reorganized and appreciated for their ideas, abilities and talents; the post – retired lose their sense of worth when illness, disability or fragility limits them. The loss of self-worth is devastating to post – retired well-being and can be linked to depression and increase mortality caregivers need to add to their loved ones lifestyle by working together on project that boost self-esteem.
Self-actualization needs of the post – retired worker
According to Maslow the highest rank of the hierarchy is the need for self-actualization. This status is reached by relatively few people and those who do share some common traits. They tend to concentrate on the reality of life rather than wishful thinking. They are problem solvers and not complainers. They also have a view point that their life‟s journey is just as important as their final destination, the post – retired should be prime candidates to reach self- actualization yet the process of aging often strips our retirees of the higher level of the self- actualization, self-esteem and social connection, living today post – retired are hanging on to the lower levels ofsurvival.
Positive psychology is defined as “the scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels that include the biological, personal relational, institutional, cultural and logical dimension oflife.
post – retired worker is often associated with many rewarding experiences. It is however also a time when significant changes might occur. For example, some people experience changes in physical functioning, social networks, employments and bereavement can become more common. Keeping a positive attitude toward post – retired person is particularly important as it allows you to continue to feel good and have a sense of control as you face another part of the life cycle.
CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
Introduction
This chapter described the methodology for conducting the study and it is described under the following sub-headings;
ResearchDesign
The research design used for this research work was survey. This method was deemed appropriate as the research requires the researcher to collect personal and general information for the purpose of describing in details and the opinion of the respondents. Survey research is a present oriented method used in examining the status quo as it exists now. Adewunmi, (1998) contended that survey research method is used in describing systematically a situation or an area of interest accurately. It is used to find the meaning and obtaining an understanding of the presentcondition.
Population
The population of this study comprises of all post – retired workers in Nigeria. The population is put at 67,401 as at 2014 according to the Nigeria worker Office. They are spread across the three zones (Katsina, Funtua and Daura) of the state. The breakdown of the population is as follows:
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
This chapter presented and analyzed the data collected for the study. The chapter discussed under the following sub-headings:
Analyses of demographic information of the Respondents
A total of one hundred and fifty respondents were selected from the zones in Nigeria. The demographic information of the respondents presented includes age, gender, marital status and types of family.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents, conclusion and recommendations based on the results obtained from the study.
Summary
This study examined the relationship between lifestyle and health status of post – retired worker in Nigeria, Nigeria. It sought to achieve the following objectives;
- Determine the relationship between the consumption pattern and health status of post – retired workers in Nigeria.
- Determine the relationship between the lifestyle and income of post – retired workers in Nigeria.
- Identify the social network that exists for enhancing lifestyle and health status of the post – retired worker in Nigeria.
Conclusion
From the findings, it can be concluded that, Food consumption patterns of retirees had significant relationship with their health status. Also significant relationship exist between lifestyle and income of post – retired workers in Nigeria. This implied that post – retired workers will have their food consumption patterns and health status better if their income and care given by their relations improve.
In addition, social network that exists for enhancing lifestyle had significant relationship on the health status of the retirees. Care given by the relationsof the post – retired workers enhanced their lifestyle in Nigeria.
Recommendations
From the findings of this study, the following recommendations were put forward.
- Home economist extension workers should organize workshop to enlighten the retirees on the importance of taking goo diet. This would improve retirees healthstatus
- State government should try as much as possible to pay the retirees their benefits as when due so as to make them meet their other needs such as medical bills, house rentetc.
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