Perception of Technical Teachers on Factors Responsible for Low Enrolment Into Technical Colleges
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of study is to investigate the problems facing vocational education in Egor Local Government Area. it is also to investigate the following specific objectives;
- To know if non-availability of finance is affecting students enrolment in vocational education in Egor Local Government Area.
- To know if vocational education is really helping individual to be self-reliance.
- To know if inadequate infrastructural facilities is affecting the development of vocational education.
- To know if the local government is really helping teachers and students of vocational education etc.
CHAPTER TWO
Review of Related Literature
This chapter deals with the review of opinions, suggestion, views of educationists and authors etc. as they relate to the topic under investigation. For easy accessibility, the reviews are made under the following subheadings:
Instructional Roles of Teachers of Vocational and Technical Education
In Nigerian University Education One of the basic concerns of VTE is to bring about economic and technological development through adequate training of students of the program who would be able to acquire the skills, knowledge and values that are required in the world of work for effective performance. VTE also aims at tackling the problem of low level of Technical skill, which is responsible for low productivity and poverty in the developing countries like Nigeria. VTE may not achieve this objective unless the instructors are able to fulfill the role of effectively teaching the students (Okoro, 2005).
This role is possible if teachers of Vocational and Technical Education possess three basic qualities or characteristics;
- Practical occupational skill in an occupational area.
- Theoretical scientific and technological knowledge in their area of specialization.
- Pedagogical knowledge and teaching skills necessary in classrooms, laboratory and workshop situations (Okoro, 2005: 5).
These characteristic traits advocate that the technology teacher should possess adequate and sufficient practical experience necessary for imparting the skills he possessed. However, there has been the difficulty of getting VTE teachers who possess all qualities of practical skills, pedagogical skills and industrial experience.
In case of this difficulty, Okoro (2005) suggests that VTE instructors who possess adequate practical skills and industrial experience but who lack the pedagogical expertise should be considered preferably.
Momoh (2008) noted that absence of adequate practical skills by VTE teachers would make nonsense of the whole training program.
Lack of practical skill will only boil down to mere possession of theoretical information by students without adequate practical skills to effectively engage in the occupational area for which the students received their training (Okoro, 2005; Wipawin, 2004).
Success will be achieved when the VTE teacher reaches out to society and interact with the needs of society based on the existing agenda in the institution (Schutter and Van der Sijde, 2000).
The use of ICT for instruction definitely reveals that the role of VTE teacher must change if he must achieve positive result in his educational practice and instructional delivery.
It is expected that he must engage actively in what is going on outside his institutions environment so as to communicate and impart knowledge with the newest and most appropriate delivery methods (Lorensten, 2004).
It is a wide overview that by so doing, the VTE teacher must have succeeded in changing the existing industrial but traditional cultures to becoming knowledge economics.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitute of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried out to examine the perception of technical teachers on factors responsible for low enrolment into technical colleges. Selected vocational and technical education schools in Egor Local Government Area form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which 100 were returned. The analysis of this study is based on the number returned.
From the responses obtained as expressed in the table above, 78 respondents constituting 78% said yes. While the remain 22 respondents constituting 22% were undecided. There was no record for no.
Question 2: Is vocational education really helping individual to be self-reliance?
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the perception of technical teachers on factors responsible for low enrolment into technical colleges, technical education schools in Egor Local Government Area as case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
Summary of the Study
This project work was to determine the factors that contribute to low enrolment of students in vocational/Technical education in technical colleges. This was initiated as a result of the student’s apathy to the study of vocational subjects in secondary schools. In carrying out the research, the focus was to identify the variables or interest, gender, socio-economic status of the parents as it influences the students choice of the study of Vocational/Technical subjects were raised top guide the researcher designing the instrument to be used for the study. Structured questionnaires were used for the data collection. A sample of hundred respondents offering vocational/Technical subjects in senior secondary schools were used. The mean frequency distribution and grand mean were used in analyzing the data collected. Major findings were made on the factors that influence the students attitude such as interest, gender, and socio-economic status, the qualification of teachers and instructors and guidance councellors motivated influence. Based on these findings, a recommendation for its improvement was proffered. This study was carried out to find out the factors that affect students low enrolment in vocational education in Edo State. Chapter one gave the insight into the background of vocational education courses, which are geared towards self-reliance or self-employment while related literature was review in chapter two. The chapter three described the design and methodology. It treated the significance, purpose and problems of this study including the research question, which were administered, and the result analyzed in chapter four. The study was then summarized in chapter five and from the results in chapter four, conclusion and recommendations were made.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 100 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are staff of technical education schools in Egor Local Government Area.
Conclusions
With respect to the analysis and the findings of this study, the following conclusions emerged;
It is observed that students generally lack the zeal, interest and aptitude in learning vocational and technical education courses.
Recommendation
Based on the findings the researcher recommends that;
- Government should provide the necessary equipments, machines facilities and infrastructure needed in the effective teaching and learning of Vocational and Technical Education.
- School administrators, government and all stakeholders should provide an enabling environment and stimulate the active participation of the private sector, communities, civil society, organizations, and development partners in Vocational and Technical Education development.
- Improve the competence, resourcefulness, and efficiency of Lecturers and other personnel through training, capacity building, and motivations.
- There should be adequate supply of qualified staff to teach in the program.
- There should be proper administration and supervision of the schools and learning program to ensure that the desired goal is achieved also to promote hard-work and discipline in the University.
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