Occupational Hazard Among Hawkers
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study is primarily aimed at examining occupational hazards among hawkers in pen cinema, Agege. However, the following are the objectives and it is to:
- To examine the remote and immediate causes of hawking in pen cinema, Agege.
- To examine the various occupational hazard among hawkers in pen cinema, Agege
- To find out the availability of environments where hawkers work.
- To examine the physical hazard face by the hawker in pen cinema, Agege.
- To examine the health implication of hawking on the hawkers in pen cinema, Agege.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
This chapter shall attempt to review some works related and related concepts associated with the research topics, with a view to exposing what these authors or scholars have written, and Identifying factors for analyzing the Nigerian situation
Theoretical Literature
Nigeria and many sub-Saharan African countries have been experiencing rapid population growth and urbanization from both natural increase and high rates of migration into the cities and large towns. The contemporary situation in Nigeria is that of the migration of young people from the hinterland into the main centres of commercial activity. In the cities and towns, most of these young persons have difficulty finding jobs in the formal economic sectors due to their often limited education and lack of skills for formal employment. In their quest to make a living, many of these persons, have no other choice than to take to the streets to fashion out a living. In fact, some of them virtually live on the streets and are exposed to the vagaries of street life, including rape, commercial sex work and crime. This growing segment of the vulnerable urban poor population is often overlooked mainly because they have no recognized addresses and are usually seen more as a liability rather than a potential labour force that could contribute to the national income if their interests are properly taken care of. Ironically, however, it is the huge numbers of people on the street that have often fuelled successive governments‟ promises of job creation.
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Population and Sample
The population of the study area is street hawkers in the Agege lagos. Since it is not feasible to conduct a research on the whole population and also due to financial and logistical constraints as well as limited time frame a sample was taken.
Sampling Procedure
Purposive sampling procedure is relevant to this research topic and convenient sampling techniques. In this sampling technique, the researcher purposely chose respondents who in his opinion were thought to be relevant to the research topic. The basic assumption behind this sampling technique is that of good judgement and appropriate strategy one can handpick the cases which was included in the sample and thus developed samples that were satisfactory in relation to ones needs. Also partly, quota sampling was also used; this sampling technique by which the researcher sets quotas of respondents to be chosen from specific population groups which were defined by the basis of choice, for example occupation, educational background etc. Thus the researcher administered questionnaires to 100 hawkers selling at Kaneshie-Odorkor road, 25 of them at 37 Military Hospital roads, 25 street hawkers selling wares at Kwame Nkrumah Circle and also 25 of the respondent hawking at Abeka-Lapaz-Mallam High Way.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
Introduction
The main findings of the research were presented in this chapter. Some in the form of tables, pie and bar charts which summarise the responses from the respondents to whom the questionnaires were administered. The tables, pie and bar charts are followed by discussions.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.
SUMMARY
This project was set to esablish the occupational and prospects of street hawking in Nigeria. The one chapter focused an introduction to problems, definitions of street hawking, classification of street hawking in Nigeria and media of street hawking.
Chapter two which is the second chapter discussed about the literature review related to the research. This chapter focused on street hawking and ethical issues in street hawking.
Furthermore, chapter three present the methodology through which the research was carried out descriptive research methodology was adopted for the purpose of the study by using questionnaire as the respondents that basis for data analysis and discussion for the research in the chapter four using task and simple percentage.
CONCLUSION
It has so far been shown that hawking in Lagos has become a source of daily livelihood for several people mostly as a stepping-stone for preparation towards relatively better and more permanent jobs in the future. It has also been seen that hawking is such a popular and widespread economic activity that one does not necessarily have to live in the city centre before one could engage in hawking along the streets.
Based on the objective of describing the nature of street trading activities in the Agege lagos, it can be concluded that most hawkers who were between the ages 20- 24 years usually starts hawking after 7am sells their wares between moving vehicles in traffic and closes after 6pm. Also it can be concluded most hawkers who had been for 1 to 5 years do not owned the items they sold.
From the objective which sought to find out the various categories of street hawkers in Lagos. The following conclusions have been drawn;
- Most hawkers commonly sold items such as plantain chips, sachet water, toys, mobile phone credit cards, shoes and
- Hawkers who hawked on full time basis do not do any alternative job apart from hawking and do not belong to any association of On the objective of soliciting the opinion of street hawkers on whether street trading impact negatively on the beautification of Lagos or not. The conclusion that could be given is that;
- Street trading activities and items sold on the street do not cause occupational harzard for hawkers on the street of
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the research findings and in order to curb the problems related to street hawking in the Agege lagos, the researcher would like to make the following recommendations.
Firstly, the hawkers should be encouraged and assisted by non-governmental organizations, governmental organizations, and civil societies among others to from more vibrant association that will advocate for their welfare and champion their course.
Secondly, government should tax the hawkers and their contribution must form part of the national income accounting. This is because street hawking forms an integral part of the informal sector and accordingly contributes to the growth of that sector in particular and the entire economy in general.
Thirdly, alternative places must be made available to hawkers to display their wares at affordable price. These places include market stalls, shop or store and containers.
REFERENCE
References
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