Nigeria’s Roles in the Development of International Organization in Africa (A Case Study of ECOWAS)
Chapter One
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
This research work aims to determine the following:
- The roles of Nigeria in the balance of crises in the whole of West Africa.
- The best ways to prevent and manage conflict in Nigeria and Africa.
- The roles of Nigeria in the establishment of ECOWAS.
- If the formulation of foreign policy has any significant effect on the roles of Nigeria in the development of international organizations.
- The effect of multiple internal conflicts on the security level of Nigeria.
- The plans and actions Nigeria can take towards achieving domestic and regional stability.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
CONCEPTS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION
There basically two concept of international organisation in Africa; which are discuss below
The first concept of international organization then is a 3 management-oriented, functionalist and progressive concept, built on the lines of modernism; we shall refer to it as the managerial concept. It presupposes two things: first, that institutionalized cooperation between independent states will contribute to the solution of common problems and second, that increased cooperation through international organizations will lead to a better world. Leave it to the experts, properly educated as they are, and shortsighted things such as sovereignty or the national interest will be overcome by pure reason. And this is often the avowed aim. Witness for instance the words of a former director-general of the ILO, who held that “…international organizations must remain constant in their fidelity to the principles of objectivity and vigor in pursuing the goals of working for improved international understanding and for peace.” The march towards heaven would be unstoppable; nothing less than the `salvation of mankind’ would depend on international organizations, to use Nagendra Singh’s phrase. Importantly, this managerial concept is also quite intolerant: instrumental as it is, it cannot tolerate the thought of other concepts being equally useful. As an emanation of what Michael Oakeshott refers to as rationalism, it has to insist that there cannot be any alternatives. Or rather, that such alternative way of organizing as do exist are bound to be inferior. This first, managerial, concept plays out in a variety of ways within international organizations. It results, e.g., in depoliticization of political issues; it leads to deformalization of decision-making, and it results in the use of expert bodies and what in Europe is so characteristically called `comitology.
There is, however, and always has been, a second concept of international organization. This is the concept of the international organization as a classical agora: a public realm in which international issues can be debated and, perhaps, decided. Many have recognized, however implicitly perhaps, that there is this dimension as well to international organizations, and about as many tend to scorn it. Its discontents say that it leads to the organization being (no more than) a platform for discussion, where things cannot just get done, and just cannot get done. A recent WTO Report sums up the general mood well when it complains that “[o]n a day-to-day basis, the WTO has become too much of a talking shop.” All talk, and no action; surely this is anathema to the managerial concept. The agora concept signifies a less progressive, less optimistic, less modernist vision on international organizations. On this view, international organizations are not created to solve any particular problems, much less to save mankind. Instead, they are created as fora where states can meet, exchange ideas, and discuss their common future, not necessarily with a view to solving problems, or indeed even reaching an outcome, but merely for the sake of debate itself.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is the plan structure and strategy of investigation developed so as to obtain answer to research questions and control variance (Kerlinger, 1973:45).
SOURCES OF DATA
The researcher used both primary and secondary methods of data collection.
Primary Data: This is data that is obtained first hand from the respondents. Primary data method is obtained through the administration of questionnaires and personal interviews.
Secondary Data: secondary source of data are opinions of exports in the experts views and are obtained from related literature from private, professional ad academic libraries.
THE POPULATION STUDY
The study of population would cover about 200 Nigerian workers that are member of ECOWAS, the questionnaire was distributed at the ECOWAS office in Abuja.
CHAPTER FOUR
BIO-DATA OF THE RESPONDENTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION
The main aim of the research work is to determine the following:
- The roles of Nigeria in the balance of crises in the whole of West African.
- The best ways to prevent and manage conflict in Nigeria and African.
- The roles of Nigeria in the establishment of ECOWAS.
- If the formulation of foreign policy have any significant effect on the roles of Nigeria in the development of international organizations.
- The effect of multiple internal conflicts on the security level of Nigeria.
- The plans and action Nigeria can take towards achieving domestic and regional stability.
From table 6 down to table 11 we found out that the responses of the respondents concerning the research question in the section B of the questionnaire are positive since major of the respondents that strongly agree and agree are far more than the people that were neutral and the ones that responded negatively to the questionnaire this shows that the research work was well conducted and the responses were satisfactory.
CONCLUSION
From the analysis, we found out that the p-value of the test for the chi-square; that is table 12 and 13 are below the level of significance of 0.05 and also for the test of correlation from table 14 we found that the “r” calculated is less than the “r” tabulated, we therefore conclude the following:
- The level of crises in Nigeria has significant effect on ECOWAS
- The formulation of foreign policy has significant impact on the social and economic development of Nigeria.
- There is statistically significant (0.00) strong (0.849) relationship between multiple internal conflicts and the security level in Nigeria.
RECOMMENDATION
From all the findings, we recommend that:
- The federal government of Nigeria should re-evaluate the type of foreign policy on the Nigeria.
- The federal government of Nigeria should try to resolve the conflicts in Nigeria, because it has a negative effect on the social and economic development of Nigeria.
- The federal government of Nigeria should allocate more funds to the security areas of Nigeria.
REFERENCES
- An Address by major-General Thomas U. Aguiyi-Irosi, Head of the Military Government to the Regional Conference of Heads of Diplomatic Missions in Africa (Lagos, June 9, 1966).
- Ini A. Udoka, “A Critical Appraisal of Nigeria’s Role in the ECOWAS”, Ibom Journal of History and International Studies, No.10, 2002, p.66.
- E. Edozien and E. Osagie (eds),Economic Integration of West Africa (Ibadan: Ibadan University Press,1982),p.44.14Ibid.15Ibid., p.48.16Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Performance and Achievements of the Ministry of External Affairs Under the Babangida Administration August 1985- December 1990 (Lagos: M.E.A. 1991), pp.84-85.
- ECOWAS: “Decision A/DEC.10/5/90: On the Setting up of a Committee for the Review of the ECOWAS Treaty” Official Journal of the ECOWAS (Vol. 17, June 1990), p.25. 18Article 62 (1)-(2)(a)-(c), Revised Treaty)
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- Briggs, I. N. (2007). Nigeria: Mainstreaming Trade Policy into National Development Strategies. Report of the Economic Commission for Africa. ATPC No. 52.
- Central Bank of Nigeria (2011). International Economic Cooperations. Retrieved August 21, 2011 from http://www.cbn.org.ng
- CIE (Centre for International Economics) (2009). Benefits of Trade and Trade Liberalisation, Prepared for Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Canberra and Sydney May 2009.