Leadership and Organisational Performance
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
It is true that several efforts has been made to enhance the effectiveness of workers to boast the growth and development of the organisation. But the fact is that all these efforts have proved abortives and has not been for reaching. Therefore this research work is designed to throw more light on the courses, effect and how to motivate and lead workers in organisation. To look at the influence of leadership and those contribution of organisational performance in our society.
For these reason the purpose of the study is to:
- How to show significance of leadership as a tool for successful organisational performance
- How to ascertain which leadership style and is most acceptable or vital in an organisation
- How to check problems associated with administration and the leadership style employed in an organisation
- How to know whether motivation affect workers performance
- How often training can be carry out for workers in organisation
- Are there cordial relationship, good communication, compensation and adequate remuneration are given to workers.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept of leadership
Leadership is the process of influencing others to work willingly toward an organizational goal with confidence. Leadership is generally defined simply as the process of influencing people to direct their efforts towards achievement of some particular goal or goals”. Leadership is generally defined simply as the art of influencing people so that they will strive willingly towards the achievement of group goals. This concept can be enlarging to include not only willingness to work but with zeal and confidence. Leadership “is a term that can be referred to a variety of thing, a person, a position, or a process”. Mullins (2002) says there are over 400 definitions of leadership. Leadership being such a widely written about subject, has a variety of meanings by many scholars each trying to compare what the writer perceives to be leadership. As Burns (1978) rightly acknowledged, “Leadership is the most observed and least understood phenomenon on earth”. Therefore, few will be considered for this study. Leadership is one of the most important and essential factors in good project management. Leadership can be seen as the art of influencing others to achieve desired results. Leaders guide behaviours by setting the vision, direction and the key processes; in other words, leadership has a large influence on the whole project process, including the actions of others. Therefore, leadership can be seen to be a prerequisite in every human endeavour and this is confirmed by Muijs (2011) when he attributed the key factor in organizational effectiveness to leadership. Muijs (2011) states that the key elements that made private companies more effective compared to public ones, to be leadership. The conclusion that can therefore be arrived at is that leadership is the process of achieving goals by setting others to willingly join in. the most substantial of leaders in their influential personality that has positive relation with the follower’s job satisfaction and the performance. Leadership as the process by which a person called the leader is involved in the responsibility of directing the activities of people i.e. its subordinates or followers towards the achievement of predetermined goals. Leadership is one of the major management functions. The impact of effective leadership is dramatically demonstrated over and over again on national scale in every country’s history and on a local scale in every organization’s part. The organization without effective leadership is in trouble.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis This study was carried to examine leadership and organizational performance. West African Examination Council Yaba, Lagos WAEC form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
H1: Cordial Relationship between subordinates and superior does not help to improve organisation performance.
H2: Leadership style does not have positive influences on performance
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain leadership and organizational performance. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of leadership and organizational performance
Summary
This study was on leadership and organizational performance. Five objectives were raised which included How to show significance of leadership as a tool for successful organisational performance, How to ascertain which leadership style and is most acceptable or vital in an organization, How to check problems associated with administration and the leadership style employed in an organization, How to know whether motivation affect workers performance, How often training can be carry out for workers in organization and Are there cordial relationship, good communication, compensation and adequate remuneration are given to workers. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from West African Examination Council Yab, Lagos WAEC. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
This research work has shown that for any organization to survive, appropriate impact of leadership on the employee must be followed. It is hoped that the presentation of leadership in this project will contribute to the better understanding of the need for adopting of Democratic, participative leadership in an organization, which will enhance organizational effectiveness. It was inferred that democratic or participative types of leadership is the best of all the leadership styles because of the benefits that will be derived from it by the employees amid the overall result to the organisation as a whole. The study also shows that it is necessary to effect changes in impact of leadership when the need arises in an organisation in order to enhance performance. Organisations are established for specific purpose and objectives, people also join organisations to satisfy their needs, and in so doing they contribute to organizational performance to achieve the objectives of the organization. Therefore, it is the responsibility of every leader to build an organization that will function effectively because the extent to which he/she succeeds will depend considerably ion subordinates willingness to corporate with him/her among other things will depend on the degree of congruency between the leadership style adopted by the leader and the expectations and desires of the subordinates. The survey results confirm that an individual who demonstrates leadership skills will be promoted more easily. Thus, employees need this trait in order to achieve their career goals. However, quality leadership is important not only for individual’s career pursuits, but is also significant because it influences the whole project process. Moreover, leadership is growing in importance, particularly in light of the booming construction market and the shift toward global projects and global project teams. Because the world is changing and because problems and projects are becoming even more complex, one can no longer assume that a sole executive or manager can solve all problems by himself or herself. No one person can deal with all of today’s rapid changes, competitive threats, and escalating customer demands. Instead, effective leadership must permeate the organization.
Recommendation
Based on the findings from the study is on the impact of leadership on the organization performance collected by personal observation and though the questionnaire conducted in the organization; it is necessary to offer the following recommendations.
- Subordinates should be education about the need for harmony with them and their leaders in the work place for the mutual benefit of both parties.
- This research examined the effect of leadership styles on workers performance by studying only one organization. It is therefore suggested that a similar study be carried out which will cover more companies in order that the subsequent findings may be compared with the finding of this research.
- This could be in form of adequate remuneration to staff and the avoidance of unnecessary bias or a show of favouritism in handling staff grievances and other related matters.
- That leadership is one of the tools used in attainment of organizational goals and objectives, therefore every organization should as issue of importance, ensure of getting the right leader that will man their organization; in order to achieve their set goals/objectives.
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