Incidence of Candidacies Among Singles Girls and Married Women Attending St John Healthcare Center, Rumuolumeni
Chapter One
Aim And Objectives
To determine the prevalence of fugal infection among Singles girls And Married women attending St John health Center, Rumuolumeni state
- To determine the prevalence of fungal infection among single and married women of different age group patient
- To determine the yeast type
- To determine the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of isolates
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Candidiasis
According to Haymer et al. (2019), cultured fungi were discovered in 71% of mouth smear samples taken from patients who were presenting at a dermatology clinic for the cadida krusei. Candida albicans is widespread and can be found in many healthy people. Mothers with candidiasis of the vaginal trait may infect their newborns with Candida tropical Candida pseudoropicals and other species of Candida (woodrute et al 2019) Nembutal candidosis (Moniliasis) A perleche brought on by a lack of nutrients, B angular cheeks (2015).
Up to 40% of newborn infants’ mouths have been shown to contain Candida albicans, which often manifests itself between the sixth and seventh postpartum (Tesehsian et al 2015).
However, the presence of Candida albicans does not imply that the infection must be facilitated by a number of circumstances, including age (infants elderly persons health status (diabetes pregnant and have dirty moreover local factors are significant, such as ede tulousuess.
In recent years, the extensive therapeutic use of antibiotics has led to an increase in Candida infections of the mouth, respiratory, digestive, and skin, especially in the anogenetal area. As a result, candidiasis is currently one of the most frequently occurring diseases in my body due to fitting denatures, and generally lowered body resistance due to conditions like molabsorption system malignancy uremia, and various chronic infections (Lighterman et al 2016).
clinical traits Oral candidiasis can be localized as superficial morihial matous candidiasis or diffuse as angular chenlosis (Ketchum 2016).
Patients who have a habit of licking their hips after having peri-oral chronic eczema from which mantilla organisms can be cultured are more likely to develop diffuse monclial cheibosls, which is characterized by shiny red erosion with desquamation of the epithelium and surrounding hyperkeratosis. In the granulating type, there is diffuse swelling of the lowest hip or, less frequently, both hips.
Angular cleilosis (Marginal cellists perleche characterize by symmetrical lesions at the angles of the mouth is most frequently caused or hundred in leading by candid celbicanus (Finnenid et al 2019) various factor such decreased vertical light due to the eddeutalous state ill fitting dentures or flaccid sagging cheeks and depressed habial angles constemitly moistened by saliva play an important role in the origin of these trouble some tissured lesions perleche may also be observed in patients with achlyha hypochrorunic anemia or hypouitamimosis B.
In superficial monclial stomatitis the chricl piture ranges form mild crythemc with fine whitish deposits to diffuse inflamed white mouth.
In infants the first changes appear on the anterior dorsal third edges and ventral surface on the and later in the oral vestibule the lesions resembling snow white curdled mulk (Taylor 2018) can present as strips plagues and diffuse pseudomenbranes and usually can be stripped much easier than diptheptia meubrance generally the easier the mechanical removes the more superficial and less harmful the epithelial immersion by pelezar J.M the white spot are composed of a deuse matting of candid albicans together with cell detritus residual food particles and bacteria the surface of the lesions has a valvesty appearance where as the adjacent mucous membrane appears durk red moderately swollea alcerature or necrotic lesions indicate deeper tissue in version an unfavorable prognostic sign enthrocolitis mycosis pneumonia or sppticeme rarely may occur.
In deutre stomatitistis the patient complains of swelling senstaruly and pain the oral mucus membrane at point of denture contacts, numerous colonies of candida aibicanis are found on the inflamed mucosa not uncommonly there exist sinuitaneous predisposition disorders such as diabetses mellitus anemia malnutrition or digester disturbances candida interaction may secondarily complicate oral peaphigus and other process (Leuwen hock 2018)
As previously stated the wider spread use of antibiotic therapy poses a serious problem in combating lateiod Cndida saprophytism thus in addition to the risk of seusitizatio is the man reason for discouraging the use of tropical antibiotics for local therapy of oral \lesions Maywa Rohn (2019) candidiasis also may been in association with acrodermater enteropathica.
In deep granuhomatous candidiasis there are deep invasion by the monclial organism formation of the tuberculoid granulomas this appears to the an autosmer recessure trait it may occur in association with hypoarathy and with addisons disease.
The infection usually begging in a relatively harmless form in the oral cavity of candidiasis (Momliasis) a candida tropiculis associated with vegeners granulo matosis B thick blanket of moruliail organisms on under surface of tongue by Buchoiz (2010) candida, tropicalis mylose wegenersde granu homatose. New born infants and children during the first years of life , it then spread to the face and extends over the entire head, creating inflrated crusted plaque and developing severs granulo matous reassure in the tissues that reacts the intensity of granulonuton blas to my cosis the lips appear swollen with papilhomatos proliferation and radiating tissues well developed perleche is found on the moist argues of the mouth.
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY AND MARTERIALS
INTRODUCTION
The specimen bottle for urine collection the petri dishes for media preparation and all the test tubes were all washed and sterilized in the hot air oven at 160c for 1 hour and kept sterile until used in their respecture canisters.
POPULATION SAMPLED
Patients showing clinical symptoms of fungal infection and those on antibiotic therapy ere excluded from the exercise by this, I was intended that candidiasis case of fungal infection and false negative results would be avoided respectively mid stream urine sample and hus samples were collected from total of eighty (80) hospital patients (both single and married of university Nigeria teaching hospital in hematology laboratory with age range of 10to 30 for single women and 20 to 40 years of age married women during the period August 2005.
PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIA
All the culture media were commercially obtained and prepared according to the manufacturers instruction., the mediu was sterilized conical flasks plugget with cestton wool and autoclaved for 15 min at 121c at is 16s pressure after autoclaving the media were kept sterile until used
COLLECTION OF SAMPLES
Sterile universal container with measure quality of boric acid (0.29) were given to the selected patients. They were instructed on how to collect early morning mid stream unne to avoid contamination samples once collected were taken to the laboratory for analysis while Hvs sample were also collected from their vaginal for analysis at the same time.
LABORATORY PROCESSING MACROSCOPY
Urine samples collected were microscope examined and their colour recorded respture normal freshly passed urine is clear and pa yellow to yellow depending on concentration. Any shift from thus normal is indication of some disease condition.
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS
out of a total of eighty 180 samples screened 30 gouge significant yeast disease these represent an incidence rate of 40% percent among single and married women in St John health Center, Rumuolumeni state the most predominant organism was C albicans C. tropical C pseudotropicals C kruesei C parasilosis
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Discussion
Treatment of candida infections. a variety of agents are available for treating the different types of candida infections. system or internal organ involvement can be treated successfully with amphotericin b unfortunately patient with immune deficiencies well routinely become reinfected nightstand is usually effective for the treatment of mucocutanous candidiasis such as thrush or vagintis other antibiotics used for the treatment of mucoutaneus candidiasis include mc camisole and chotrimoie oral and coetaneous infection also respond welt a 1 % solution of gentian violet newer therapeutic measure are in all likelihood responsible for the increase in candida infection seen over the past couple of suppress the normal flora undoable is responsible for increased number of infection particularly gastrointestinal candidiasis. the used of polyethylene cutlets and implanted prosthetic devices is also associated with increased candida infection.
NATURAL TREATMENT FOR CANDIDIASIS
If possible after consultation with your doctor eliminate antibiotics birth control pills corticosteroides and uicer drugs.
Being a yeast and sugar free diet and follow it stretchy for at least thirty days if your symptoms diminish. You know that you have been suffering from candidiasis depending on the severity of your symptoms you will have to follow the yeast free diet for three to twelve mouths ehimmate the following foods bread baked goods cheese mushrooms vinegar, soy source fermented food alcohol, also eliminates sugar including all sweets cookies, candy ice cream, soda diet soda dried fruits, chocolate and sweetener including fructose, malt, barley and fruit juice lactobacillus acidophilus: in natural form in yogurt make sure the yogurt contains live cultores as indicated on the label and in capsule form available in health food stores, tale one capsule three time dairy garlic. In its natural form or in capsule form available from health food stores capryfic acid follow the directions on the container as to dosage In addition: there is a prescription drug called nystatin that can be of help to confirmed cases of candidiasis if you try the yeast free diet and your symptoms are alleviated but do not completely clear. Them you might have has candidiasis for so long that you will require additional treatment in the form of prescription drug you should discuss Nysktin with your doctor.
The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women was so high especially in the age ranging from 31 to 35 years and Candida albicans was the most prevalence vaginal candidiasis across the age group. Therefore, determination of the prevalence of candidiasis and occurrence of vaginal candida species in pregnant women will of importance in diagnosis of the infection and giving better antenatal service in the country.
RECOMMENDATION
The screening of candidiasis infection among single and married women of different age group this work has given an indication that most of the women many suffer form candida infection in future. It established the fact that in every 80 patients 40 percent of them may be four with significant to the disease in incidence is higher in single women than in married women it is therefore recommended that the planners our health care delivery program should include screening programe for the injector among young girls.
The federal government should also help to fund the teaching and federal hospitals so that the screening should be carried out in affordable price also the federal government should help to provide some thing like lecture on television screen about the causes, consequences and natural treatment on candidiasis infection.
In view of the high prevalence of vaginal infections, pregnant women attending antenatal clinic should have prompt and adequate diagnosis with appropriate treatment to prevent adverse effect of the infection on mother and foetus. Also, personal hygience and environmental sanitation which include not sharing of towels, wearing clean underwears, cleaning of bathroom and toilets, etc should be done regularly. In addition, a comprehensive programme on reproductive healthcare education with the aim of reducing vaginal infection prevalence should be put in place.
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