Factors Promoting Examination Malpractice Among Secondary School Students in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State
CHAPTER ONE
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to:
- To investigate the major factors promoting examination malpractice.
- To examine the people involved in examination malpractice.
- To find out the effect of examination malpractice on the students, teachers and the society in general.
- To examine the measurement of recall or recognition of information and also to measure higher order outcomes defined in terms of more complex cognitive processes (e.g. understanding, synthesis, application).
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
In the olden days, students pursue academic with vigour and profundity, examinations then have dignity and integrity because students don’t get entangled in exams cheating. The reverse is the case in the present day Nigeria. The manner by which examinations are swindled in our schools is a very sad situation for a nation that has recently been estimated to have more than half of its population as illiterates. It is not only (JAMB) Joint Admission and Matriculation Board exams that are defrauded every facet of our country’s educational structure witnesses one kind of examination malpractice or the other. Students were initiated into the cabal of examination cheating right fro primary schools especially during common entrance examination, the leaders of schools conspire with the teachers into giving answers to the students so that they will record high number of passes. This of course is not helping the students, when they gain admission into post primary schools most of them could not cope. From primary schools the students are set up into engaging in exams cheating up to the tertiary levels.
WHAT EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE ENTAILS
DEFINITION
Examination malpractices shall be defined as all forms of cheating which directly or indirectly falsify the ability of the students. These shall include cheating within an examination hall, and an involvement in an illegal examination related offences. Forms of cheating are categorized as follows:
Cheating within an examination hall
- Copying from one-another/exchanging questions and answer sheets.
- Bringing in prepared answers, copying from textbooks, notebooks, laboratory specimens or any other instructional aids smuggled into the examination hall.
- Collaboration with an invigilators/lecturers where it involves the lecturers providing written./oral answers to a students in the examination hall.
- Oral or written communication between students.
- Colluding with a member of staff in order to submit a new prepared answer script as a substitute for the original script after an examination.
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher made extensive use of primary data, which includes personal interview as well as questionnaires to students in there area of study.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
A well designed questionnaire were used fo5r the collection of data for this study. The questions asked were structured in such a way that they reflected the framework of this research method. The researcher traveled to the schools used for the study administer the questionnaires. The presence of the researcher eased the area of difficulty in responding to the items as researcher was available to explain to the respondents the area of difficulty. The questionnaires given our were collected and examined, errors identified were corrected. A total number of 100 questionnaires were administered to students.
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter deals with the results on observation and discussion of results gathered from this study. The interpretation will follow a systematic and sequential order that is data will be organized and presented in order of findings.
A total number of one hundred questionnaires were distributed among students from the selected schools and were also returned back. For proper analysis of data, simple percentage is used with the help of tables to make the interpretation of the work clear.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
The summary of this chapter is set aside to summarize the descriptive analysis done in the previous chapter. It also gives the conclusion and recommendation of the study. Inadequate teaching of students, overcrowding in the examination hall, parent teacher place more emphasis on grade rather than knowledge, inadequate questions papers, parents buy questions paper for their children, teacher convene with invigilators, supervisor and typist to cheat.
RECOMMENDATIONS
In line with the findings of this study on the factors promoting examination malpractice among secondary schools in Edo State, the following recommendations are made:
For a way out, if a candidate is caught to be involved in examination malpractice in an external examination the result of such candidate should be cancelled, if possible such candidate should made to appear before the law court.
The ministry of education should direct the principals of all secondary schools in the state to forward the names of all SS 2 students, while no principals should admit any student into its SS 3 class for any reason. Any school caught in examination malpractice after due process should be expelled from the university.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, parents and teachers expect too much from their children/students parents on their side want their children to pass and have good job. On the side of the teachers, they want their effort to be praised.
Overcrowding in the examination hall aids malpractices. The way objective questions are answered A or B or C encourages examination malpractice.
REFERENCES
- Aderinola, D. (1971) Human Aspect of Examination Leakages. Daily Times.
- Ayo, O. (1972) Who is to Blame for Examination Leaks? Daily Times
- Bukola Saraki (2003) Migration of Students from School in the Cities to Villages for the Purpose of Writing Examination Kwara State.
- Ibekwe, N. (1980) Examination Malpractices who is to Blame? Weekly Trumpet.
- Ike Onyechere (2004) Examination Ethics Project is there any Relationship between Examination Malpractice and the Perceived Standard of the Nigeria Educational System (Unpublished)
- Ikenna Emeka Okpani (2003). When Stakeholder gathered against Exam Malpractice
- Justice Ogbobine (1984) Exam Problems in Nigeria, Sunday Observer.
- Olubusuyi Adenipenkun (2004) Examination Malpractice now Multibillion Naira (Unpublished).
- Olusogie A. Sofola (2004) Dimensions and dangers of Examination Malpractice Life Press, Lagos.
