Exploring Collaboration Between Science and Technological Related Departments in Reducing Hunger and Poverty Through Nutrition Research for Sustainable National Development in a Developing Economy
Chapter One
Objective of the study
The main objective of this study is to explore and evaluate the potential benefits of collaboration between science and technology-related departments in enhancing nutrition research, with the ultimate goal of reducing hunger and poverty and fostering sustainable national development in developing economies. To achieve this overarching aim, the study will pursue the following specific objectives:
- To investigate the extent and nature of existing collaborations between science and technology-related departments in developing economies.
- To examine the key challenges and barriers that hinder effective interdisciplinary collaboration between science and technology departments.
- To assess the impact of existing interdisciplinary collaborations on nutrition research outcomes, food security, and poverty reduction.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF EXISTING COLLABORATIONS BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-RELATED DEPARTMENTS
Interdisciplinary collaboration between science and technology-related departments has increasingly been recognized as crucial for addressing complex global challenges, including hunger and poverty. Such collaborations can lead to innovative solutions that leverage the strengths of both scientific research and technological advancements. However, the extent and nature of these collaborations vary widely across different contexts and institutions.
In many academic and research institutions, there are growing initiatives to promote interdisciplinary collaboration. For instance, universities and research centers have established interdisciplinary programs and research groups that bring together scientists and technologists to address issues like food security and nutrition (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2015). Collaborative projects are often supported by funding agencies that prioritize interdisciplinary research. For example, the National Science Foundation (NSF) and other international funding bodies have specific grants designed to encourage collaboration across disciplines (NSF, 2017). Institutional policies and frameworks play a critical role in facilitating or hindering collaboration. Universities with strong support for interdisciplinary research often have dedicated centers or institutes that foster collaboration between different departments. These centers provide resources, administrative support, and funding to promote joint research efforts (Bammer, 2013). There are several global and regional initiatives aimed at promoting interdisciplinary collaboration. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), for example, operates a network of research centers that integrate scientific and technological research to improve agricultural productivity and food security (CGIAR, 2018).
The nature of interdisciplinary collaborations often revolves around specific research themes that require the integration of multiple perspectives. Common areas of focus include improving crop yields through biotechnology, developing sustainable agricultural practices, and enhancing food distribution systems through technological innovations (Pingali, 2012). Collaborative research typically involves the combination of various methodologies. For example, biological research on nutrition may be combined with engineering approaches to develop new food processing technologies. This integration allows for comprehensive solutions that address both the biological and logistical aspects of food security (Fanzo et al., 2020). Effective collaborations often involve the formation of networks that include academic institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and industry partners. These networks facilitate the sharing of knowledge, resources, and expertise, enhancing the overall impact of research initiatives (Hall et al., 2016). Despite the benefits, interdisciplinary collaboration faces several challenges. Differences in disciplinary cultures, terminologies, and research priorities can create barriers to effective collaboration. Additionally, securing funding for interdisciplinary projects can be more difficult due to the complexity of aligning the interests of various stakeholders (Mitchell et al., 2015).
The HarvestPlus program, part of the CGIAR, exemplifies successful interdisciplinary collaboration. This initiative brings together plant scientists, nutritionists, and technologists to develop biofortified crops that are rich in essential vitamins and minerals. These crops have been shown to improve nutritional outcomes in populations suffering from micronutrient deficiencies (Bouis & Saltzman, 2017).
The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) collaborates with technological institutions to develop high-yielding, disease-resistant crop varieties. By integrating genetic research with advanced breeding techniques, CIMMYT has significantly contributed to global food security (CIMMYT, 2019). The extent and nature of existing collaborations between science and technology-related departments are diverse and multifaceted. While there are numerous successful examples of interdisciplinary research leading to significant advancements in nutrition and food security, challenges remain in fostering effective collaboration. Institutional support, dedicated funding, and the formation of collaborative networks are critical to overcoming these challenges and enhancing the impact of interdisciplinary research.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The research design adopted in this research work is the survey research design which involves the usage of self-designed questionnaire in the collection of data. Under the survey research design, primary data of this study will be collected from selected students of department of Food science and Technology in University of Lagos in order to determine exploring collaboration between science and technological related departments in reducing hunger and poverty through nutrition research for sustainable national development in a developing economy. The design was chosen because it enables the researcher to collect data without manipulation of any variables of interest in the study. The design also provides opportunity for equal chance of participation in the study for respondents.
Population of Study
The population of study is the census of all items or a subject that possess the characteristics or that have the knowledge of the phenomenon that is being studied (Asiaka, 1991). It also means the aggregate people from which the sample is to be drawn.
Population is sometimes referred to as the universe. The population of this research study will be Seventy-five (75) selected students of department of food science and technology in University of Lagos State.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter is about the analysis and presentation of data collected from the field through questionnaire. The analysis of the data with particular question immediately followed by the presentation of findings.
As mentioned in chapter three, 63 questionnaires were administered and 50 were retrieved and necessary analysis was carried out on them and presented as follows:
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain exploring collaboration between science and technological related departments in reducing hunger and poverty through nutrition research for sustainable national development in a developing economy. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of exploring collaboration between science and technological related departments in reducing hunger and poverty through nutrition research for sustainable national development in a developing economy.
Summary
This study was on exploring collaboration between science and technological related departments in reducing hunger and poverty through nutrition research for sustainable national development in a developing economy. Three objectives were raised which included: To investigate the extent and nature of existing collaborations between science and technology-related departments in developing economies, to examine the key challenges and barriers that hinder effective interdisciplinary collaboration between science and technology departments and to assess the impact of existing interdisciplinary collaborations on nutrition research outcomes, food security, and poverty reduction. The total population for the study is 75 selected students of department of food science and technology in University of Lagos. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The study on exploring collaboration between science and technology-related departments in reducing hunger and poverty through nutrition research for sustainable national development in a developing economy highlights the critical role of interdisciplinary approaches. The findings demonstrate that interdisciplinary collaborations significantly enhance the quality, scope, and impact of nutrition research. By integrating diverse expertise and methodologies, these collaborations address the multifaceted challenges of hunger and poverty more effectively.
The study reveals that existing interdisciplinary collaborations have led to significant advancements in nutrition research outcomes, food security, and poverty reduction. Innovative solutions, such as biofortified crops, sustainable agricultural practices, and improved food distribution systems, have emerged from these collaborative efforts. Additionally, interdisciplinary projects have improved the livelihoods and economic resilience of vulnerable communities, contributing to sustainable national development.
However, the study also identifies several challenges and barriers that hinder effective interdisciplinary collaboration, including institutional, cultural, logistical, and financial obstacles. Addressing these challenges is crucial to maximizing the potential of interdisciplinary research and ensuring the success of collaborative initiatives.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proposed to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration between science and technology-related departments in developing economies:
- Institutions should establish policies and frameworks that promote and support interdisciplinary collaboration. This includes creating administrative structures that facilitate coordination and resource sharing among departments.
- Academic and research institutions should recognize and reward interdisciplinary work in their evaluation and promotion criteria. Providing incentives for researchers to engage in collaborative projects will encourage more interdisciplinary initiatives.
- Institutions should offer training programs and workshops that focus on interdisciplinary methods and collaboration skills. This will help researchers develop a common understanding and framework for interdisciplinary work.
- Encouraging a culture of collaboration within institutions is essential. This can be achieved through regular interdisciplinary seminars, conferences, and networking events that bring together researchers from different disciplines.
- Effective coordination and communication mechanisms should be established to manage interdisciplinary projects. This includes using collaborative tools and platforms that facilitate information sharing and project management.
References
- Bhutta, Z. A., et al. (2013). Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? The Lancet, 382(9890), 452-477.
- Bouis, H. E., & Saltzman, A. (2017). Improving nutrition through biofortification: A review of evidence from HarvestPlus, 2003 through 2016. Global Food Security, 12, 49-58.
- Fanzo, J., et al. (2020). The effect of interdisciplinary collaboration on the quality and reach of nutrition interventions. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(Suppl 2), 1336.
- FAO. (2020). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization.
- Gillespie, S., et al. (2019). Policy and governance for nutrition: The role of leadership and social and political accountability mechanisms. Global Food Security, 23, 1-9.
- Hall, K. L., et al. (2016). The science of team science: A review of the empirical evidence and research gaps on collaboration in science. American Psychologist, 71(4), 532-548.
