Evaluation of Rail Transportation for Petroleum Products Delivery in Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To determine the potential gains of distributing petroleum products through railway transportation.
- To identify the current problems of petroleum products delivery in Nigeria.
- To identify the past and present problems of the railway sector vis-à-vis petroleum products delivery.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Nigerian petroleum industry
In the last two decades, petroleum industry has occupied strategic importance in the Nigerian economy accounting for as high as 78 percent of Gross Domestic product and up to 90 percent of the country’s total annual revenue and foreign exchange earnings
At any rate since 1980, the percentage contribution of the oil sector to the total government revenue has not fallen below 70 percent of the total receipt. This tends to demonstrate the strategic importance of the petroleum resources in the Nigerian economy. The petroleum industry can be classified by type of actors or by sector. The actors in the Nigerian industry consist of both private and public organizations. The public actors are the government agents and functionaries such as the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and its subsidiaries, the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR), the petroleum products pricing regulatory authority (PPPRA), among others. The private segment consists of both indigenous and foreign actors. The indigenous sector consists of private independent marketers. As far back as 1978, the concept of independent petroleum products marketing was introduced with a view to bringing indigenous independent marketers to that sector of the industry. According to Edoreh (1997), in 1979 a year after the scheme of independent marketers was introduced, there were not more than 20 (twenty) “independent marketers”. By 1993, the number had risen to 1000. Today, the indigenous independent marketers are well over 7,948 (according to the Petroleum Product Pricing Regulatory Authority, PPPR, 2010). As a measure of the growing involvement of the indigenous petroleum products marketers in the economic development process of Nigeria, it is interesting that in 1981, they accounted for less than half – percent in terms of volume of petroleum products marketed in Nigeria. By 1998, they had captured about 25 percent of the market. Today, they account for nearly 40 percent of the volume of products marketed in country. (NNPC, 2010).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to Evaluation of Rail Transportation For Petroleum Products Delivery In Nigeria
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Evaluation Of Rail Transportation For Petroleum Products Delivery In Nigeria. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of the challenges of Rail Transportation for Petroleum Products Delivery in Nigeria
Summary
This study was on Evaluation of Rail Transportation for Petroleum Products Delivery in Nigeria. Three objectives were raised which included: To determine the potential gains of distributing petroleum products through railway transportation, to identify the current problems of petroleum products delivery in Nigeria and to identify the past and present problems of the railway sector vis-à-vis petroleum products delivery. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staffs of NNPC, Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made directors, supervisors, administrative staff and junior staffs students were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Access to cheap and reliable energy, however, is essential to modern life. Domestic oil and gas production provides access to abundant, affordable, and reliable energy, helping to meet demand from American consumers. This oil and gas must be transported from where it is produced to where it can be refined and ultimately consumed. As this brief has noted, all forms of transportation require unique trade-offs. Pipelines in particular have advantages in terms of safety, efficiency, and low environmental impacts. Pipelines, rail, and trucks all play valuable roles in moving oil and gas safely and efficiently. Policymakers deciding how to regulate the transportation of oil and gas should allow the market to determine which forms of transportation can most effectively meet consumer needs.
Recommendation
Government should encourage transporting of petroleum through railway due low cost of transportation
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