Evaluation of Problems of Insufficient Accommodation to Military Personnel (A Case Study of Nigerian Army)
Chapter One
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The following are the objectives of this study:
- To examine the problem of insufficient accommodation to military personnel in Nigeria.
- To examine the level of government commitment at providing decent accommodation for the Nigerian Army personnel.
- To determine the factors hindering the provision of decent accommodation for the Nigerian Army personnel.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
This chapter gives an insight into various studies conducted by outstanding researchers, as well as explained terminologies with regards to evaluation of problems of insufficient accommodation to military personnel in Nigeria. The chapter also gives a resume of the history and present status of the problem delineated by a concise review of previous studies into closely related problems.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Abraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of Needs model in 1940-50s USA, and the Hierarchy of Needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation, management training, and personal development. Indeed, Maslow’s ideas surrounding the Hierarchy of Needs, concerning the responsibility of employers to provide a workplace environment that encourages and enables employees to fulfil their own unique potential (self-actualization), are today more relevant than ever. Abraham Maslow’s book Motivation and Personality, published in 1954 (second edition 1970) introduced the Hierarchy of Needs, and Maslow extended his ideas in other work, notably his later book Toward A Psychology Of Being, a significant and relevant commentary, which has been revised in recent times by Richard Lowry, who is in his own right a leading academic in the field of motivational psychology.
Abraham Maslow was born in New York in 1908 and died in 1970, although various publications appear in Maslow’s name in later years. Maslow’s PhD in psychology in 1934 at the University of Wisconsin formed the basis of his motivational research, initially studying rhesus monkeys. Maslow later moved to New York’s Brooklyn College.
The Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs five-stage model below (structure and terminology – not the precise pyramid diagram itself) is clearly and directly attributable to Maslow; later versions of the theory with added motivational stages are not so clearly attributable to Maslow. These extended models have instead been inferred by others from Maslow’s work. Specifically Maslow refers to the needs Cognitive, Aesthetic and Transcendence (subsequently shown as distinct needs levels in some interpretations of his theory) as additional aspects of motivation, but not as distinct levels in the Hierarchy of Needs.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Housing has been recognized to be in thesame category with air, food andclothing as a basic necessity of life. It’sbasic function is to protect man againstthe weather and to guarantee him somesecurity against marauders. Housing isone of the major problems facing mostdeveloping countries. Housing problemis more pronounced in Nigeria becauseof the low-income level and high rate ofpopulation growth, which is put at 2.83%(CBN, 2008).
It is becoming increasingly difficult forthe average Nigerian to own a house orprocure decent accommodation atreasonable rent. Just 40 years ago, 11.2%of the income of urban worker went intopayment of rent, today, the averageurban worker pays about 50% of hismonthly income on rent (Vivan, Blamah,Ezemoke and Tagwi, 2012).
Various governments at Federal andState level have in the past made effortsof improving the housing situation in thecountry. The low-income group to whichmost soldiers belong is the most hard-hitby the shortage of housing. The shortageof housing persists despite the variousgovernment efforts because the supply isfar short of housing needs.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter is concerned with the methodology used in achieving the objectives of the study. It covers research design, study area, population of the study, sample size, sampling techniques, instrument for data collection, sources of data collection, validity of research instrument, reliability of the instrument, administration of the instrument, method of data analysis and decision rule.
Research Design
This study employed the use of survey research design. The choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to examine subject matters using The Nigerian Army, 82 Division, Enugu as a case study.
The Study Area
This study was conducted in The Nigerian Army, 82 Division, Enugu. The choice of this study area was informed by its involvement in the subject matter in the state.
Population of the Study
The population of this study consisted of thirty(30) staff of The Nigerian Army, 82 Division, Enugu.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
This chapter is devoted to the presentation, analysis and interpretation of the data gathered in the course of this study. The data are based on the number of copies of the questionnaire completed and returned by the respondents. The data are presented in tables and the analysis is done using t-Test. The Pearson correlation method was used in the validation of the hypothesis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The following are the objectives of this study:
- To examine the problem of insufficient accommodation to military personnel in Nigeria.
- To examine the level of government commitment at providing decent accommodation for the Nigerian Army personnel.
- To determine the factors hindering the provision of decent accommodation for the Nigerian Army personnel.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The following findings were made based on the responses of the respondents that:
- insufficient accommodation does not affect the wellbeing of military personnel
- there is a significant relationship between the well-being of the military personnel and the availability of accommodation in the barracks
- government commitment at providing decent accommodation for the Nigerian Army personnel act as a motivating factor on their performance
- rapid emergence and deployment and environmental problems are among the major factors affecting the availability accommodation for the military personnels
- The low-income group to which most soldiers belong is the most hard-hit by the shortage of housing
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, insufficient accommodation affects the wellbeing of military personnelwe can see that there is a statistically significantly (0.00) strong relationship (0.764) between the responses of the respondents that said that insufficient accommodation affects the wellbeing of military personnel and those that said that there is a significant relationship between the well-being of the military personnel and the availability of accommodation in the barracks.
RECOMMENDATION
From the findings of the study, the following recommendations are made:
- The military heads in collaboration with the government should endeavor to provide accommodation for the military personnel in order to avoid the problem of inadequate of buildings and overcrowding.
- Management and the government should endeavor to repair dilapidated buildings, toilet facilities, and also ensure the constant supply of water and electricity as well as other necessary facilities, so as to enable the military personnel settle down and undertake their duties
- The personnel also have the responsibility of keeping their accommodations clean. So as to motivate the federal government and military heads to do more in ensuring proper and sufficient accommodation for the military personnel.
REFERENCES
- Adeniyi E.O, The Provision of Housing A challenge to Urban Planning and Development in Africa, Ibadan NISER reprint series 96, Pg 701 – 710, 1974
- Ogunshakin and Olayiwola L. The Collapse of Official Housing Policy in Nigeria Habitat International Vol.16, No1 1992.
- Abiodun, J.A. Housing Problems in Nigeria Cities Onibokun p ed Housing in Nigeria: A book of Reading NISER, Ibadan Pp 49-63, 1985.
- Okpala D.C.I. Housing Tenure in Nigeria Housing Policy, of need for Rethinking of current emphasis, Publication of Nigerian Association of Housing Corporation Vol. 2 No.1 1985
