Effect of Drug Abuse on Mental Health
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To determine the role of drug abuse on mental health amongst psychotic patient in psychiatric hospital, Benin City
- To ascertain factors which may encourage the use of drug among?
- To determine the relationship that may exist between mental health and drug abuse.
- To ascertain whether drug abuse is the major cause of mental illness exhibited among psychiatric in the society.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
DRUG USE, MENTAL HEALTH AND PROBLEMS RELATED TO CRIME AND VIOLENCE
The use of alcohol causes the death of 2.5 million people a year and has a significant causal role in the occurrence of 60 different types of diseases, in addition to causing damage to the health and welfare of the user’s interaction people(1). The global burden of health problems related to alcohol consumption reached in 2000, equivalent to 4% of all morbidity and mortality occurred in the planet that year, indicating further, upward trend – taking into account the amount estimated in 1990 (3.5%)(1). It is estimated that in Brazil, 7.3% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is spent annually on alcoholrelated problems. For the Brazilian GDP of the year 2010, of R$ 3,439,997 billion, the social cost related to problems due to alcohol abuse would reach the amount of R$ 251,119 billion a year(2). Data from the Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2011, World Health Organization – WHO, reveal that 18.7% of Brazil’s population is composed of people who have never consumed alcohol and drugs, 31.8% of people who consume alcohol regularly and 50.5% of people who do not use alcohol for more than one year. In the United States of America – USA, the same report data show that 17.7% of the population consists of people who have never consumed alcohol and drugs, 16.9% – nearly half of Brazil’s percentage – are people who consume alcohol regularly and 34.6% are people who do not consume alcohol for more than one year(1). In Brazil, approximately 12.3% of the population may be considered alcohol dependent, according to the criteria of the International Classification of Diseases-10 and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – DSM-IV, and the prevalence is of 17.1% among males and of 5.7% in the female population, showing high prevalence compared with other health conditions(2-3). About one in five people who use illegal drugs has criteria for the diagnosis of dependence, and these substances affect the perception, mood and consciousness of its users, which can affect the users’ ability to exercise control over drug use. The result can cause addiction, leading to continued use, despite the damage caused. In addition to profound disability and loss of physical health, people with disorders caused by the use of Alcohol and Other Drugs (AOD) may suffer severely with psychological and psychosocial problems, interpersonal problems, job loss, learning disabilities, as well as legal problems Recent epidemiological studies show that mental disorders are the main cause of more than 10% of the lost years of healthy life and over 30% of all years lived with disability, and these disorders present high prevalence and often have chronic nature.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to effect of drug abuse on mental health
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information on the study effect of drug abuse on mental health. 200 staff psychiatric hospital, Benin City was randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on effect of drug abuse on mental health. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of effect of drug abuse on mental health
Summary
This study was on effect of drug abuse on mental health. Four objectives were raised which included: To determine the role of drug abuse on mental health amongst psychotic patient in psychiatric hospital, Benin City, to ascertain factors which may encourage the use of drug among, to determine the relationship that may exist between mental health and drug abuse, to ascertain whether drug abuse is the major cause of mental illness exhibited among psychiatric in the society. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of psychiatric hospital, Benin city. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made doctors, nurses, lab technicians and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
It is verified that the number of symptoms related to the drug abusers, reported by the individuals, presents statistically significant correlation with the number of mental health symptoms related to internalizing symptoms and problems related to crime and violence, showing the importance of working together these different problems in order to reduce the vulnerability of the users. The results emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary and intersectoral intervention focused on the attention to the drug abusers, since they live in a socially vulnerable environment.
Recommendation
The researcher where by recommend that since drug abuse lead to mental disorder government should set out force to monitor those abusing drugs and punish them accordingly
REFERENCES
- WHO. Global status report on alcohol and health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011. 286 p. 2.
- Gallassi AD, Alvarenga PGd, Andrade AGd, Couttolenc BF. The cost of problems caused by alcohol abuse. Rev Psiquiatr Clín. 2008;35(supl 1):6. 3.
- Carlini E, Galduróz J, Noto A, Carlini C, Oliveira L, Nappo A. II Levantamento Domiciliar sobre o uso de drogas psicotrópicas no Brasil: Envolvendo as 108 maiores cidades do país. Brasília – Distrito Federal: Centro Brasileiro de Informação sobre Drogas – CEBRID; 2005. 4.
- Paglione HB, Claro HG, Oliveira MAF, Titus J, Lima M, Pereira TC. Contribuições do instrumento “Global Appraisal of Individual Needs” para a assistência e pesquisa: revisão da literatura. Rev Terap Ocup Univ de São Paulo. 2012;23(1):81-8. 5.
- Chisholm D, Saxena S, Ommeren Mv, World Health Organization. Dept. of Mental Health and Substance Abuse. Dollars, DALYs and decisions : economic aspects of the mental health system. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006. 56 p. 6.
- Funk M, Drew N, Freeman M, Faydi E, World Health Organization. Mental health and development : targeting people with mental health conditions as a vulnerable group. Geneva: World Health Organizations; 2010. 74 p.
