Development and Validation of a Multimedia Package for Computer Studies Instruction in Junior Secondary School
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This project aims to develop and validate a multimedia package for computer studies instruction in junior secondary school.
- To determine the effectiveness of the learning outcome by delivering the students’ information.
- To know the tool that can assist teachers and lecturers in achieving educational effectiveness.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Computers in Education
Taking computer to school involved the participation of a large number of institutions for tasks such as the supply of hardware and software, the development of Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) packages, and the training of teachers. A project called Computer Literacy and Studies in School (CLASS) launched in 1984 was a joint initiative of MHRD, Department of Electronics, and NCERT. It covered Resource Centers and 2,582 schools. It made use of microcomputers provided by the BBC. The evaluation of the project by SAC revealed the need for greater interaction between resource centers and project schools, the need to reduce the time gap between the training of teachers, the installation of systems, and the initiation of activities in schools, the imparting of adequate hands-on experience to teachers and students, and the provision of computer literacy programs in the timetable. The project had only a limited success, and has been described at best as a “spectator sport”. A revised CLASS project during 1993–2004 saw the introduction of PC machines in keeping with broad global trends. Subsequently, the government initiated the CLASS 2000 program with the aim of providing computer literacy in 10,000 schools, computer-assisted learning in 1,000 schools, and computer-based learning in 100 schools. These 100 schools were called smart schools, and were designed to be agents of change seeking to promote the extensive use of computers in the teaching-learning process. This, too, has not yielded the expected results. In the words of Mallik (1993), “Ambiguity of purpose, tentative policies and faltering practices marked the major computing initiatives in India during the last two decades . Schools are using IT as an add-on, not as an integral part of a new pedagogy.” Though all these interventions did make some impact, where the schools and teachers went the extra mile to avail of the facilities provided using their own ingenuity, many of these schemes have been half-hearted attempts even at the conceptual level. Computer literacy is not so much about knowing the technical jargon, but rather learning to use computers in a meaningful way, which is, meaningful to children. Two programs illustrate this fact quite well. The first project-which the media has dubbed the Hole in the Wall, uses the method of Minimal Invasive Education (MIE). The second program was carried out by the TelNet, Mukhopadhyay et al (1993) Utilization of media facilities in schools: An evaluative study of the ET scheme of the Ministry of HRD. Mukhopadhyaya describes his study not as a study of an educational technology scheme, but rather as a study of the utilization of media facilities. A study of CLASS, as part of a larger international study entitled “Schools, Teachers, Students, and Computers: A Cross-national Perspective, IEA 1993, University of Twente.
Chapter Three
Research methodology
Research Design
The research design adopted in this research work is the survey research design which involves the usage of self-designed questionnaire in the collection of data. Under the survey research design, primary data of this study will be collected from the selected secondary schools in Ikorodu local government in order to determine the development and validation of a multimedia package for computer studies instruction in junior secondary schools. The design was chosen because it enables the researcher to collect data without manipulation of any variables of interest in the study. The design also provides opportunity for equal chance of participation in the study for respondents.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter is about the analysis and presentation of data collected from the field through questionnaire. The analysis of the data with particular question immediately followed by the presentation of findings.
As mentioned in chapter three, 75 questionnaires were administered and 50 were retrieved and necessary analysis was carried out on them and presented as follows:
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain development and validation of a multimedia package for computer studies instruction in junior secondary school. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of development and validation of a multimedia package for computer studies instruction in junior secondary school
Summary
This study was on development and validation of a multimedia package for computer studies instruction in junior secondary school. Two objectives were raised which included: To determine the effectiveness of the learning outcome by delivering the students’ information and to know the tool that can assist teachers and lecturers in achieving educational effectiveness. The total population for the study is 75 staffs of selected secondary schools in Ikorodu local government of Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
This study has examined computer education and its associated problems especially within the secondary school level in Nigeria. With current status of ICTs in Nigeria, it is the view of the authors that there is still a wide gap to be bridged in the area of computer assisted instruction for teaching and learning. The use of computer assisted instruction seems to be the answer. Computer assisted instruction with interactive animation was more effective in teaching the science concepts which seems too abstract while teaching computer concepts. It is hoped that a well-developed and adequately validated CAI package of this nature could improve students’ performance in physics at Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination (SSSCE).
Recommendation
It is therefore recommended that computer assisted instruction packages should be produced for science and other subjects in the Nigerian secondary school curriculum and this could be achieved with the help of team of experts (teachers, researchers, computer programmers and educational technologists).
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