Design and Implementation of Computerized Population Analysis System (Case Study of National Population Commission Enugu)
Chapter One
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of this study is to eliminate errors involved in demographic data/information. This is actualized by designing computerized based spec analysis system for national population commission Enugu which is user friendly and interactive. By the time this software is designed and implemented, the difficulties encountered with manual method of keeping demographic information will be eliminated.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims and objectives of this project is listed below:
- To provide essential information for government decision making To enable people understand their community
- To eliminate gaze work in population census.
- To demonstrate increased motivation to the census workers.
- To easy the work associated with manual method analyzing demographic data/information.
- To eliminate the error involved with the manual method analyzing demographic data/information.
- To save the time wasted when method analyzing demographic data/information.
- To make population council office neat and tidy as a lot of information will no longer be documented on paper but in computer.
- To ensure easy retrieving and updating of demographic data/information.
CHAPTER TWO
ACCURATE POPULATION DATA A VITAL INGREDIENT FOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMICPOLICY
Accurate population data is a vital ingredient of social and economic policy. Governments cannot deliver efficient services and infrastructure without knowledge of the national demographic profile – the size of the population, where people live, how old they are, and the net effect of births, deaths and migration.
These assumptions are far from certain and will be closely
monitored. Even if they prove accurate, the outcome will not in itself relieve the challenge of sustaining a world population of 9-10 billion but it will create the conditions necessary for long term stability, or maybe reduction.
As the projected increase will occur entirely in developing countries, the task of stabilising world population must be captured within the international development agenda. This was exactly the conclusion reached at the landmark 1994 International Conference on Population and Development whose 20-year Programme of Action, known as the Cairo Consensus, has proved to be a decisive influence on population policy.
Now coordinated by UNFPA, the Cairo Consensus clarified that population concerns are best addressed by redoubling commitment to national poverty reduction plans in general and women‟s education and empowerment in particular. For example, a full period of schooling for girls reduces the risk of teenage marriage and increases awareness and demand for contraception.
POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND
The prospective contribution of growth to this strategy for stabilising population is bolstered by an economic theory of demographics. Poor countries enjoy favourable dependency ratios, their populations dominated by potentially productive young people. This is often described as the “demographic dividend” and has been associated with the tiger economies of East Asia. Some economists interpret recent strong rates of growth in Africa as evidence of this demographic dividend. Others fear that poor infrastructure, governance and education will stifle the potential. Very high rates of youth unemployment do indeed persist in Africa and parts of the Middle East.
The demographic dividend is a fleeting opportunity which can quickly overturn into social unrest, as illustrated by recent dramatic events in several Arab countries. There is further concern that a hard core of about 25 of the very poorest countries cannot possibly benefit from the demographic dividend. They show signs of being trapped in a demographic vortex, where low resilience to the impact of climate change on food and water scarcity offers no escape from exceptionally high fertility rates of around 8 children per woman.
Whilst there is some truth in the adage that “development is the best contraceptive,” it is wise to award at least equal status to the view that “contraception is the best development.”
FAMILY PLANNING AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
After much prevarication, a target of universal access to reproductive health services by 2015 was included in the Millennium Development Goals. Progress is disappointing, especially for the family planning component. Dr Hania Zlotnik, Director of the UN Population Division, has warned that: “in
most high fertility countries, contraceptive prevalence is increasing by less than 1% per year.” As a result, 215 million women in developing countries have an unfulfilled wish for family planning services. A 2010 report by the Guttmacher Institute estimates that the cost of meeting this need would be $3.6 billion per annum. Such an investment would bring an immediate return through the savings in maternal health support for the pregnancies avoided, quite apart from the longer term benefits of smaller family sizes. Nonetheless, global donor funding of family planning services has fallen steadily since 2001, both in real terms and as a share of the overall health budget from foreign aid. The Executive Director of UNFPA, Dr Babatunde Osotimehin, has said that “neglect of sexual and reproductive health results in an estimated 80 million unintended pregnancies, 22 million unsafe abortions and 358,000 deaths from maternal causes.
CHAPTER THREE
DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTINGSYSTEM
The existing system is a system that is been carried out in terms of manual operation, A system in which all the methods of storing demographic data/information is of a manual approach. This approach is such that the national population commission Enugu staff will record your information on a paper or register and kept it a file. Critical analysis of this system reveals that it is a system prone to a lot of errors and it is not effective. The system is in such a way that the office is full of files. This tends to make the office look untied. Also because of the inconsistency of the manual system, at times files are lost because of mismanagement.
CHAPTER FOUR
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEWSYSTEM
The major factor taken into consideration in the design of the new system is the issue of storing Demographic data/information in a electronically format. The new system has sections for population form and analysis record.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY
This research work focuses on the use of computer system with the aim of making a reference to population analysis system of national population commission Enugu.
The work covers the manual system of operation and recording as regard to problem identified stating the aim of the new system, stating the specification and then implementing the programs.
The work was successfully developed using visual basics, a users friendly programming language, and the package was tested and improved upon which yield and resulted to a computerize population analysis system which is use to store data about population and record them for reference use.
The project work by me cannot be rated perfect but however its benefits cannot be overemphasized. it has lead to good data collection and recording population system.
CONCLUSION
The manual approach to administration of the National population commission poses a lot of problem to commission.
With Computerized based spec analysis system, National population commission data/information are well collected, processed and stored for future purpose.
RECOMMENDATIONS
For the Computerized based spec analysis system to be effective, I recommend
- these for National population commission Having access to computers
Have a well trained IT staffs Strong and reliable database
- these for the Government
Government should ensure necessary infrastructure.
Masses should be educated on the use of information technology.
REFERENCES
- Michael S. , (1995): Data Analysis: an Introduction, Sage Publications Inc, Perry,
- Marc J., Paul J. (2001)Population Change and Distribution: Census 2000 Brief.
- Preston, S. ( 2000). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell Publishing.
- Schutt, K. (2006). “Investigating the Social World: The Process and Practice of Research”. SAGE Publications.
- Siegal, S. (2002). Applied Demography: Applications to Business, Government, Law, and Public Policy. San Diego: Academic Press.
- Wattenberg, J. (2004), How the New Demography of Depopulation Will Shape Our Future. Chicago
