Design and Implementation of a Computerized Transaction Receipt Generating System for an ATM Machine(Case Study of Union Bank of Nigeria)
Chapter One
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims of this study, which is the Design and implementation of a computerized transaction receipt generating system for an ATM machine and the objectives are underlisted as follows:
Redesign and Re-Structure Our Means of Carrying Money: As said earlier, our economy is cash driven and in order to resign our means of carrying money when we are going for shopping, the ATM machine had to be built so as to save us from a lot of troubles carrying heavy and huge amount of cash from shop to shop and from market to market all in the name of shopping. Take for instance, in Europe, Asia or America people go for shopping with up to $300,000(Dollars), they do not have to carry big luggage’s containing this money but all they go with is just their credit card(s) which contains certain information(s) like the amount of money being coded into this card in an electronic form, password(s) and also bank account number(s). after this shopping, the total amount of things bought will be calculated and entered into this credit card, subtracting it from the previous and getting the actual balance and at the end of the transaction the customer goes home with the goods and the credit card since goods have been bought and paid for electronically.
Reduce Risks of Conveying Money: Most times when money is to be transferred from Union bank to Central bank, the bank (Union bank) will have to provide bullion vans and armed policemen for security reasons so as the safe guard this money and make sure it gets to its destination (Central bank). At times, these policemen are being attacked and killed by highway robbers and the bullion vans are also being robbed. But in a case whereby the money(ies) belongs to a wealthy man i.e . politician or Governor, who in his affluence wants to transfer a huge sum of money from his Union bank account to his new or current first bank account, this transfer does not need to be done manually (by bullion vans) rather, it is being done electronically (cash transfer i.e. money gram). It is only a matter of making phone call (s) and the money will be transferred in minutes.
Enhance Our Banking System Through Information Technology: The ATM was built to enhance our banking sector with the help of information technology in the sense that the issue of the information technology through the help of the internet has provided us with a lot of facilities like E-banking, E-commerce, M-banking and so on.
- E-banking is the process whereby a customer can now stay in his house and request for several cash transfers from his account to other accounts without going to the bank personally to conduct this transaction.
- E-commerce is also known as electronic commerce which is a situation whereby a customer can also sit at home and get informed with daily exchange rates.
- M-banking is a situation where a customer with his prepaid account of his telephone network can get his bank’s statement of account anytime on his mobile cellphone.
Enhance Our Social Lives Through Information Technology: ATMs were built specially to enhance our social lives e.g. When a traveler is cash trapped, all he needs to do is to go to the ATM centre of the bus station and get himself paid by the machine provided the traveller has up to the amount he is requesting for in his account. Another instance, is the case of an individual in the night club say Ikoyi night club Lagos which is ATM equipped. The customer who has no money to sponsor himself at the club just goes the machine and types in a certain amount and the machine will automically display the cash from the cash slot. ATMs are also built in amusement parks for customer’s self operations.
Develop Our Economy in General: ATMs are built to enhance and promote our standard of living i.e. to reduce our love for carrying cash and increase our interest in realizing the need for information i.e. doing things electronically (at the speed of light), and saving time as well.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE OVERVIEW
According to Oliver (1978), transaction receipts are generally under the concept of receipt and payment accounts. Within this chapter, the researcher will be using receipts and payments.
In 1979, Chapman also stressed that receipts and payments merely show the case position (income and expenditure so to say).
Income and Expenditure: Chapman in his theory revealed to all bankers and stockbrokers as well that in an organization, every debit is regarded as income while every credit is recorded as expenditure. It has been ascertained by every organization that at the end of every day or week, month, year. The income and expenditure of the organization must be calculated for record purpose. Then within the project work, the receipts and payment are only for the cash involved in payments and withdrawals.
Non-Profitable Accounts: As regards Oliver’s (1978) assertion, receipts and payment accounts are merely a summary of the cashbook for a period. That is to say that this type of account is mainly obtainable in non-profit making organizations such as clubs, associations as their principal function is not trading or profit making. They are run to further the promotion of an activity or group of activities such as playing football or other sports or engaging in cultural activities. This kind of account for non-profit making organization is being calculated in an account called the income and expenditure account.
CHAPTER THREE
ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
The distinction between system analysis and system design is more purpose than of technique. In fact, analysts do both kinds of work. System analysis refers to studying what a system does and why it should be done. System design involves studying how a system actually works or should work.
In order for analysis work to be useful, it must be expressed in a way that others can understand. This is achieved either through writing it in formal English or drawing pictures, diagram, and charts which we shall see during the analysis of data.
Since the existing ATMS are manually used or operated, i.e. it requires serious human efforts the objectives of the existing ATMs are as follows:
- To document the transactions made on payments and withdrawals.
- To refer to those documents when the need arises to settle some misconceptions.
- To calculate from it the balance they have within any given period.
- To refer to each customer account when reconciling their accounts (especially for debit or credit)
- The major benefit of all self-service banking products is to provide 24×7 banking servants throughout the year. Besides the generic banking functions for cash dispensing, funds transfers, bill payments and printing and displaying customer and account information.
Additional Features:
- ATMs are smart card ready and can be configured to load unload electronic purses.
- Full customer statements can be readily printed on the ATM in a variety of formats.
- Cameras can be fitted to take photographs of any persons who may transact on the ATM. The photographer can be traced back to the transactions.
- The ATMs can be configured to accept direct cash deposits and automatically credit customer’s account. In this regard, the ATMs can detect and reject fake and old bank notes.
- All passbook transactions for savings accounts can be printed on the ATM to update the passbook. New passbooks can also be issued from the ATM. S
- Forms and other documents can be issued from ATM.
- Promotion vouchers and tickets can be issued from the ATM and this feature can be used for advertising and disseminating information to your client.
- Customers can deposit cheques and other value items into the ATM, which issues envelopes to customers and functions like a night safe. Additional night safes will not be required.
- Cash retraction functions are provided. Retracted banks notes can be traced back to the original transactions.
CHAPTER FOUR
PLANNING AND DESIGNING
DESIGN PHASE
The preparation of a new way to get the system job done by the computer is System design. In this system design, procedures and subsystems that will operate in the new system are exactly formulated. Most often, how information and data are to be stored, retrieved, processed and reported in the system as specified.
A number of methods are used in system design. These include the expediency, bottom up, top down and electric approaches. The most favourable of these, in the long run is the top down procedure. The one to be used in the project work.
CHAPTER FIVE
IMPLEMENTATION
The program developed have been implemented and tested on a PC. During the testing, wrong data were given as input and was rejected by the ATM. This shows the ability of the system developed to dictate any errors that occurs during processing. Changing over from one system to a new one is known as conversion. The data of conversion is the moment of truth for all the work that has taken place in the system development project. The total conversion process may be seen in two parts.
CHAPTER SIX
DOCUMENTATION
Documentation is a clear and elaborated specification of all the details considered in a work written down using appropriate document.
The program has been developed in QBASIC programming environment. The usual QBASIC commands and a set of commands defined for QBASIC environment for implementing conditional statement, loops and procedures are used.
CHAPTER SEVEN
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
CONCLUSION
The aim of this project is to develop a computer oriented transaction receipt generating system which is an enhancement to the manual system being used at Union Bank of Nigeria Plc., Enugu, with a view to making it less tedious and monotonous and more reliable, effective and efficient.
In chapter one, an introduction of the entire project was presented.
Chapter two contains the overview of the related literature. In chapter three, the existing system was being analyzed. It also presents the objectives and weaknesses of the system. Chapter four then designs a new system to supersede these limitations (weaknesses), thus specifies the benefits of the new system. In chapter six, design of the system was documented. The program used to affect the new system were also explained.
Generally, the use of computers is becoming widely acceptable because of it’s inherent advantages over the manual system. As seen from the project, a computerized TRANSACTION RECIEPT GENERATING SYSTEM enhances the job of the organization by making information on receipt generating readily available. Stresses on the staff are highly reduced and it will cause them to be more productive.
I recommend that organization that are yet to implement a computerized transaction receipt generating system should do so because of the advantages it has over the manual system.
This project requires further research to incorporate those associated activities that are not incorporated as a result of time factor.
Finally, awareness should be established among employees of the organizations on the need of computers and ATM. Since from the project, it can be said to be man’s helpmate in the office even at clubs and also at train stations.
REFERENCE
- Akinbowale S. (1004); Introduction to Wincor Nixdorf ATM Products (Unpublished Material) Corporeti Printing Publishers, Lagos
- Edeh C.S. (1984); The Element of Banking in Nigeria United Kingdom, Graham Burn Publisher, (2nd Edition) pp134
- Oliver E.C. (1978); Principles of Banking Longman Publishers, United Kingdom (2nd Edition) P 67
- Orjih J. (1996); Business Research Methodology Enugu Meteson Publicity Co. (Revised Edition) P 325
- Nwosu A.C (1994); Access to Capital Resources A Paper Presented at a Seminar Organized by the National Association of Banking and Finance Student, Nekede Poly, Owerri
