Covid-19 Pandemic: NCDC Protocols Adherence and Vaccination Acceptance Among Traders in Sapele Urban Market.
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To find out the attitude of traders in Sapele urban market towards COVID19 vaccine
- To find out the level of acceptance of COVID19 vaccines by traders in Sapele urban market
- To find out whether traders in sapele urban market adhere to the instructions of NCDC towards COVID19
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Overview of COVID 19 Pandemic
COVID 19 is one of the major pandemics recorded in the history of the world. It is a virus which quickly spread and defied all forms of treatment in its early and even present stage. The Virus was transmitted through breath, handshake, face to face contact, body contact and through physical contact. The Virus emanated from an Industrial city of Wuhan in China with some certain symptoms of cold, catarrh, difficulty in breathing, severe fever and complications from the illness. Early efforts in responding towards the Virus by researchers failed to materialise in terms of presenting a breakthrough that will lead to an efficacious treatment or vaccination that will prevent it (World Health Organisation, 2020). In a blink of an eye, the Virus spread in all parts of China from Wuhan and because of the nature of global connectivity and technological breakthrough as well as innovation in modern transportation system, the Virus spread worldwide to the extent that by May 2020, almost all countries of the world recorded either confirmed cases or symptoms that are indicating towards that (Grant et al., 2020). The WHO officially declared the Virus a pandemic in January 2020. Many world countries started taking measures towards preventing and countering its spread. Researches were embarked upon in understanding the nature of the Virus and its treatment. However, a significant portion of 2020 was spent without any reliable breakthrough (He, Pan, & Tanaka, 2020). World economies became comatose, social activities were halted, cultural interactions were abruptly stopped and international politics became heightened with tensions of allegations, accusations and counter-accusations among world leaders on the lukewarm attitude exhibited in curtailing the pandemic (Liang, 2020). The COVID 19 pandemic as at 10 April, 2021 has confirmed cases of 135,804,081 (approximately one hundred and thirty-six million), 2,934,713 deaths, 23,617,864 active cases, 109,251,504 recovered cases and 112,186,217 closed cases (Worldometers, 2020). Countries that are most affected by the pandemic are USA, Brazil, China, Mexico, India, Italy, France, Spain, Iran, South Africa, Egypt, Russia, England, Nigeria and other high populous countries. The following table sample top ten (10) most affected as at the time of writing this research. The WHO became busy finding a solution towards the management of the pandemic in terms of fund raising for intervention especially in the developing or weak economies. World countries resorted to ban on international travels particularly from the countries that are hit most by the pandemic such as China, USA, Brazil and India. Domestically, lock down was announced in many countries. Schools were closed and social gatherings of all forms including religious places of worship were all banned temporarily (Wang, Wang, Ye, & Liu, 2020). The world became terrified and the search for a responsive treatment was made. The Virus continued to mesmerise the world until in the early 2021 when the vaccine for the Virus was developed. Still, the discovery of the vaccine is not seen as the guarantee for protection against contracting the Virus. Precautionary measures remain the major alternative to the pandemic.
Chapter Three
Research methodology
Research Design
The research design adopted in this research work is the survey research design which involves the usage of self-designed questionnaire in the collection of data. Under the survey research design, primary data of this study will be collected from traders from Sapele urban market in order to determine the COVID-19 pandemic: NCDC protocols adherence and vaccination acceptance among traders. The design was chosen because it enables the researcher to collect data without manipulation of any variables of interest in the study. The design also provides opportunity for equal chance of participation in the study for respondents.
Population of Study
The population of study is the census of all items or a subject that possess the characteristics or that have the knowledge of the phenomenon that is being studied (Asiaka, 1991). It also means the aggregate people from which the sample is to be drawn.
Population is sometimes referred to as the universe. The population of this research study will be Seventy-five (75) selected traders from Sapele urban market
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter is about the analysis and presentation of data collected from the field through questionnaire. The analysis of the data with particular question immediately followed by the presentation of findings.
As mentioned in chapter three, 75 questionnaires were administered and 50 were retrieved and necessary analysis was carried out on them and presented as follows:
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain COVID-19 pandemic: NCDC protocols adherence and vaccination acceptance among traders in Sapele urban Market. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of COVID-19 pandemic: NCDC protocols adherence and vaccination acceptance among traders in Sapele urban Market
Summary
This study was on COVID-19 pandemic: NCDC protocols adherence and vaccination acceptance among traders in Sapele urban Market. Three objectives were raised which included: To find out the attitude of traders in Sapele urban market towards COVID19 vaccine, to find out the level of acceptance of COVID19 vaccines by traders in Sapele urban market and to find out whether traders in sapele urban market adhere to the instructions of NCDC towards COVID19. The total population for the study is 75 traders of Sapele urban market. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among the traders in Sapele urban market was low. Many are ready to pay for the vaccines and trust in the government were associated with vaccine acceptance. Since vaccination appears to be an essential preventive measure to curb the menace of COVID-19, factors relating to low vaccine acceptance among vulnerable groups like young adults need to be urgently addressed by inclusive public health strategies.
Recommendation
The study recommended that should a seminar to sensitize the general public about the important of covid119 vaccine
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