Climatic Change: Implication on Poultry Production
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The broad objective of the study is to investigate climatic change implication on poultry production in Delta State. The specific objectives are to:
- Examine the demographic characteristics of poultry farmers in Delta State.
- Assess the level of awareness of the farmers on implication of climatic change.
- Examine the sources of information on climatic change.
- Ascertain the implication of climatic change on poultry production.
- Examine measure adopted by poultry farmers to control the implication on climatic change.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
‘Climate Change’, the most uttered environmental term of present time has been used to refer to the change in modern climate brought predominantly by human being. It is perhaps one of the most serious environmental issues that today’s world population facing though the issue is not new. Ever since it emerged in the early nineteenth century, upto late twentieth century the issue was a topic discussed exclusively within the scientific society. In the mid to-late 1980s it first emerged on the public agenda Since then, in one hand, it has been manifested by the believers that consequence of human activities on world climate has reached to an alarming state and posing critical threats to physical, socio-economic structures. On the other hand, the sceptics have presented fairly enough evidence to disqualify the anthropogenic trait of Climate Change. Again, the Climate Change advocates among them have debated over the appropriate methods of addressing the eminent issue. Thus with increasing public involvement in the Climate Change discourse and ensuing awareness regarding the potential risks and uncertainties attached to the issue, it has been debated and problematized from diverse standpoints. While there has constant debate over the degree and agent of the change, methods to address the emerging risks but no doubt and debate over the fact that climate has been changing from the very beginning of the Earth’s history . How has this ever changing climate encountered this anthropogenic attribute over the time? In quest of the answer, the second part of this paper presents a brief definition of Climate Change and the way of manifestation of the issue in the environmental discourse over time. History of Climate Change discourse displays shift in angles from which the issue has been characterized and addressed time to time . Hence the third part examines the key perspectives of Climate Change and the assumptions that lie behind them as they relate to the larger debate surrounding the issue. This part in other words, attempts to analyze the philosophical background of the Climate Change science. The final part presents some hints perceived based on the analysis of problems in a new paradigm.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to climatic change: implication on poultry production
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain climate change: implication on poultry production
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of climate change: implication on poultry production
Summary
This study was on climate change: implication on poultry production. Five objectives were raised which included: Examine the demographic characteristics of poultry farmers in Delta State, assess the level of awareness of the farmers on implication of climatic change, examine the sources of information on climatic change, ascertain the implication of climatic change on poultry production, examine measure adopted by poultry farmers to control the implication on climatic change. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected poultry farms in Delta state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up farm managers, farm attendants, supervisor and junior staffs were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The study revealed that majority of the respondents are aware of the climate change and hence, most likely to make observation on how it affect poultry production pattern, effects of climate change which results in temperature fluctuation, increased in sunshine intensity and global warming has a negative effects on poultry production which many at times results to high mortality rate of the chickens, low egg and meat production and prices of feed grains are usually high in hot and dry seasons as result of effects of climate change which may affect cost of production and number of birds to raise for egg and meat production in the farm. From the findings of the study, egg and meat production pattern are affected by climate change because periods of high temperature and sunshine intensity makes the birds to drink more water and reduce feed intake which many at times results to high mortality of the chickens, low egg production and low feed conversion ability of the birds to meat, hence, low meat production (ICAR, 2010). The study further revealed that climatic changes influence the emergence of new poultry diseases and increased its distribution. There is dire need to intensify awareness campaign to poultry farmers on how to reduce the effects of climate change on poultry production. Extension agents and other development agencies need to educate the poultry farmers more about the effects posed by climate change on poultry production.
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