Causes and Effect of Drug Abuse on Academic Performance in Secondary School Students in Ethiopia East LG of Delta State
Chapter One
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this project is to investigate the influence of drug abuse on students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State
Research Objectives
The objective of the current study will be:
- To determine the extent to which Alcohol abuse Influences Student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State
- To examine the extent to which Marijuana abuse influences Student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State
- To evaluate how Tobacco abuse influences student’s Academic performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State.
- To examine the extent to which Barbiturates abuse influences student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
DRUG ABUSE
There is growing concern worldwide today over growing number of youths using drugs that the law does not permit or prohibit. The existence and extent of drug use has been identified as one of the greatest problems in learning institutions. This affects various aspects of learning such as student’s performance. Drugs are chemical substances that modify mental, emotional and behavioral functioning. APA (2000).
According to the World Day report (2005) the use of illicit drugs has increased throughout the recent years. The report further states that a major world trend is the increasing availability of many kinds of drugs. A report released by United Nations Drug Control Programme (2004),4.8% of the global population consume drugs, but the worrying fact is that according to United Nations Drug Control Programme executive director (2004) those hooked are the youth in China. It was reported that drug use is going up while the age of new users is going down. A survey in the Czech Republic showed that 37% of new drug users were teenagers between 15-18 years old. Drug use is particular heroine is becoming a serious problem in Egypt where around 6% of sampled secondary school students admitted to have experimented with drugs in Pakistan it was reported that the store of those who started using heroine at 15-20 years has doubled. African’s role in global drug supply chain is increasing. Already the continent is second largest region for cannabis production, trafficking and consumption accounting for 26% of global seizures of this drug in 2001, UNODC (2004).
In Kenya today, drug use has become prevalent than at any other times. NACADA (2010). Majority of the users are students in secondary schools tertiary colleges and universities. Drug use has become prevalent today than every other time in Kenya. Youths are using drugs which modify their mental, economical and behavioral functioning. In learning institutions, drug use make students to have poor concentration in class, high rate of absenteeism and failure in exams leading to poor academic performance.
A drug refers to a substance that could bring about a change in the biological function through the chemical actions (Okoye, 2001). It is also considered as a substance that modifies perceptions, cognition, mood, behavior and general body functions (Balogun 2001). They could thus be considered as chemical modifier of the living tissues that could bring
HISTORY OF DRUG ABUSE
Since the early times, herbs, leaves and plants have been used to heal and control diseases. The use of drugs correctly administered have been a blessing. Falco (1988) as cited by Sambo (2008) viewed that “chronic use of substances can cause serious, sometimes irreversible damage to adolescents physical and psychological development. The use of drugs could beneficial or harmful depending on the mode of use.
Use of drugs can be traced back to pre-colonial days when alcohol and other drugs were used and consumed as part of traditions of the communities. The communities had virtues and values that strictly guided the use drugs. Generally, consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs was a priviledge of the elders, more often than not male elders. The actual existence of drug use as a social problem was rare because of strong social structures. The law levels or non-existence of drug use was sustained as a result of strong kinship ties that ran through different social institutions. Traditions and taboos were uphold to discourae the misuse of drugs.
Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for thousands of years. Wine was used at least from the time of the early Egyptians; narcotics from 4000 B.C., and medical use of marijuana has been dated to 2737 B.C in China. But not until the 19th century A.D were the active substances in drugs extracted. There followed a time when some of these newly discovered substances-morphone, landaium, cocaine were completely unregulated and prescribed freely by physicians for a wide variety of ailments. During the American civil war, mortune was used freely, and wounded veterians returned home with their kits of morphine and hypodermic needles. Opium dens flourished. By the early 1900s there were an estimated 250,000 addicts in the united states.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine Causes and Effect of Drug Abuse on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students. Selected secondary schools in Ethiope East LGA of Delta State form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Causes and Effect of Drug Abuse on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Ethiope East Lga of Delta State. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing Causes and Effect of Drug Abuse on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Ethiope East Lga of Delta State
Summary
This study was on Causes and Effect of Drug Abuse on Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Ethiope East LGA of Delta State. Five objectives were raised which included: To determine the extent to which Alcohol abuse Influences Student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, to examine the extent to which Marijuana abuse influences Student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, to evaluate how Tobacco abuse influences student’s Academic performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State and to examine the extent to which Barbiturates abuse influences student’s Academic Performance in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State . A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected secondary schools in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
There is significant impact of drug abuse on student’s academic performance. This is so because, It has been observed that much of substance use among youths take place in schools. The incidence of drug and substance use among students is high (Eneh & Stanley, 2004). Drug and alcohol use during adolescence is almost always a social experience and a learned behavior. The data clearly shows that students have a high exposure to drugs. They are aware of a wide range of drugs and know of the dangers and side effects of certain drugs. There is concern, however that more is known about the range of drugs than the potential harm on the academic performance, from of drugs. To address something which is so deep rooted is going to involve significant effort from all the stakeholders in the area. This will include the school authorities as well as other local authority departments. It will also require effort from the parents themselves
Recommendation
Resources for drug education in and out of schools appear to be fairly less developed. The researcher recommends that drug education should now form part of the secondary school curriculum. The resources available need to be used to their full potential. This will require co-operation from all schools. As the majority of students in this sample appear to learn about drugs from schools.
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