Broadcast Deregulation and Efficient Information Dissemination in Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of the Study
The aim of this study is to ascertain broadcast deregulation and efficient information dissemination in Nigeria, using NTA and ITV as a case study.
- To examine the impact of the emergency and growth of deregulation of broadcasting media on broadcasting station improvement in Edo State.
- To study whether deregulation of broadcasting serve as watching on government activities in Edo state
- To know if deregulation of broadcasting media has contributed to the development of Edo state
- To study if the people of Edo state prefer deregulation of media to government owned media
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
The study relates with the Agenda setting function of the Media which sees the media as determining what the public discourse will be. The role of the media cannot be underestimated in terms of shaping the thinking pattern of the public. Okunna (1994) noted that even when the media do not tell the electorate what to think, the media inevitably tell what to think about. On the influence of the media in shaping public discourse, Mccombs and Shaw (1977) write,: this impact of the mass media ability to effect cognitive change among individual to structure their thinking has been labeled the agenda setting function of mass communication. Here lies the most important effect of mass communication, its ability to mentally order and organize our world for us.It is worth mentioning here that the public rely on the media to be acquainted with whatever is going on in their environment and limiting them to the line of thinking and focus that suit the media’s intention.
Language, Culture and Mass Media
Sowemimo (2012) observes that: The cultural and political rivalry among the ethnic groups in Nigeria has played a significant part in complicating the task of selecting at least one tribal language to cater for inter-tribal communication. Some ethnic groups feel discriminated against if their languages are not used in broadcasting and we all know the cost of such a big venture if all the languages in Nigeria will have to be used.It has been noted that since independence, more languages have been introduced on the radio. It is evident that the trend has wetted the appetite of an increasing number of ethnic groups to demand that their languages be used in radio programmes. But, unfortunately, the reverse is becoming the situation with present crop of media Radio & Television in the country. Most Presenters, now find difficult in pronouncing names of even their tribes men in the nations languages especially Igbo and Yoruba are dwindling at an alarming rate. In the same vein, national values, culture and social heritage are becoming subjugated as today’s media content project foreign social cultural values at the period of the nation’s social interest. Yet the National Broadcasting Commission NBC has put the ratio of media contents at 70-30 in favour of local programme, against foreign programmes. That this deterioration began to set in the middle of 1990s is incontestable particularly that Private broadcast media of T.V and Radio are the most guilty of these anomalies. The implication is that a huge portion of the blame may be attributed to the broadcast media deregulation that began in 1992. It then could be argued that the 1992 Broadcast Media Deregulation Decree now Act of Parliament brought with it a mix-grill of good bad and urgly.Sowemimo continues Ordinarily,if nation is described as a distinct race or people having common descent, language, history or political institutions,then the need for a native lingua franca is established. But the situation with Nigeria is complex for the upgrading of any of the three major language to a national or official status.As such, he concluded, the existence of many small ethnic groups (usually referred to as tribes) which speak different languages complicates communication which is turn increases the difficulties of political and cultural integration”. This lack of unity coupled with constant and un-hindered exposure of the youth especially to foreign media has thus put the nation’s media at the mercy of the combination of audience and the foreign values which the target audience are now used to. The last two decades of media practice in Nigeria could not therefore be said to have favoured Nigeria own culture, value and languages.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Broadcast deregulation and efficient information dissemination in Nigeria. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of the Broadcast deregulation and efficient information dissemination in Nigeria
Summary
This study was on Broadcast deregulation and efficient information dissemination in Nigeria. Four objectives were raised which included; To examine the impact of the emergency and growth of deregulation of broadcasting media on broadcasting station improvement in Edo State, to study whether deregulation of broadcasting serve as watching on government activities in Edo state, to know if deregulation of broadcasting media has contributed to the development of Edo state and to study if the people of Edo state prefer deregulation of media to government owned media. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from where the enrolled participants all respondents were drawn from NTA and ITV in Edo state. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The importance of mass media as agents of development cannot be over-emphasized and a robust media practice is the only way out for playing the role effectively. In view of this reality, the study concludes that the fourth estate functions of the media is inevitable in as much that we wish to live in a virile and information oriented society.
Recommendation
The Practitioners should endeavor to embrace the use of Information Communication Technology tools for news production. The regulatory and professional bodies, such as the Nigeria Union of Journalists, Advertising Practioners Council of Nigeria, Nigeria Institute of Public Relations, Nigerian Press Council and the National Broadcasting Commission , must take up the gauntlet and begin to perform their statutory functions in the interest of the future of media practice in Nigeria. It is also imperative to remind media owners to cater for workers welfare satisfactorily. These to a great extent will enhance a promising future for media practice in Nigeria.
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