Awareness & Perception to on Do State Contributory Health Insurance Scheme Among Women in Ese-odo Local Government Area
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain the awareness of women of Ese-odo local government area on health insurance scheme
- To ascertain the perception of women of Ese-odo local government area on health insurance scheme
- To ascertain the benefit of health insurance scheme to women of Ese-odo local government area
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Since the enactment in Germany of the mandatory legislation on the “sickness funds “by Emperor Otto Von Bismarck in 1883, different models of health insurance have continued to evolve worldwide albeit with the same general principles.14 Insurance in its simplest form, is a risk-transfer mechanism in which the insured agrees to make small payments called premium to another party (the insurer), in return for the payment of a large sum (benefit) on the occurrence of a specified event. Health insurance is therefore a social device for pooling health-risks and costs of an exposure unit with a view towards predictability.14 In order to provide equitable access to healthcare delivery in Nigeria, the Federal Government introduced the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). The NHIS as a corporate body was set up under Act 35 of 1999, to improve the health of Nigerians at an affordable cost through various prepayment systems and did not fully take off until 2005. It should be noted that the idea of such a scheme was actually conceived in 1962, but was only executed more than three (3) decades later owing to the lack of political will by successive governments both civilian and military. Even though the NHIS has been in existence for some years now, the scheme has been bedeviled by a lot of impediments, and doubts as to its effectiveness have continued to trail the launch of this scheme. One of such doubts is the uncertainty as to whether there is adequate knowledge and capacity to operate an insurance-based health system in an environment where corruption and a general lack of transparency and accountability pervade.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought Awareness & perception to on do state contributory health insurance scheme among women in Ese-odo local government area.
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Awareness & perception to on do state contributory health insurance scheme among women in Ese-odo local government area. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Awareness & perception to on do state contributory health insurance scheme among women in Ese-odo local government area.
Summary
This study was on Awareness & perception to on do state contributory health insurance scheme among women in Ese-odo local government area. Three objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the awareness of women of Ese-odo local government area on health insurance scheme, to ascertain the perception of women of Ese-odo local government area on health insurance scheme and to ascertain the benefit of health insurance scheme to women of Ese-odo local government area. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected insurance companies in Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made human resource managers, accountants, customer care officers and marketers were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
This study concludes that health insurance coverage among women of reproductive age in Nigeria is very low. Additionally, socio-demographic factors such as age, education, geopolitical zone, SES and employment status were significant predictors of enrolment in NHIS among women of reproductive age. This implies that the NHIS is not a pro-poor health financing policy as a high proportion of women from the poorest and poorer households lack health insurance coverage. Furthermore, effort to expand health insurance coverage to women from poor households and those working in the informal sector through voluntary contributory health insurance schemes may not be feasible due to financial constraint and difficulty in collecting contributions among these groups. Therefore, governments and policy-makers should establish a tax-based health financing mechanism specifically targeted at women who are young, uneducated, from poorest households, unemployed and working in the informal sector. Extending health insurance coverage to women from poor households and those who work in the informal sector through a tax-financed non-contributory health insurance scheme would accelerate progress
Recommendation
Access to quality healthcare is one of the major specific of the NHIS. Though the respondent agreed the scheme had eased access to healthcare, evidences on ground suggest that many service providers still run their organizations with outdated equipment calling to question the quality of healthcare being accessed. It is therefore recommended that pro-active inspectorate division be set to ensure that accredited HCPs are an evidence of not having the desired easy access to quality healthcare as promised by NHIS.
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