Assessment of the Relationship Between Nigeria and the USA 2010-2019
Chapter One
RESEARCH objective
The following research objectives are ascertained:
- To know the patterns of Nigeria-USA relations from 1999-2020
- To ascertain the domestic and global terrorism that affects Nigeria-USA relations
- To know the role has democracy played in Nigeria-USA relations from 1999-2020
- To find out the impacts of the United States of America on Nigeria since 1999-2020
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter holds so much information about the research. This chapter investigates critically Nigeria‟s relation with the United States of America.This chapter has been sectioned into three unequal parts inclusive of the conceptual and theoretical review to get better clarity of the study. There have been several scholarly works on Nigeria and the United States‟ diplomatic histories of international relations. The authors have, however, concentrated on the factors responsible for the development of such diplomatic and national interests. The present study has a lot to benefit from such existing works to provide a background for the expansion of scholarship. Amodu and Olushola (1988), for instance ,observed that the development in communication and transportation have shrunk the world into a global unit and to this extent the actualization of national interest must necessarily be tied to the intricacies of state relations with others in the international system. The work draws a strong background in terms of its theoretical framework from the work of Bassey E. Ate‟s emphasis on the dependency paradigm, its meaning and relevance. Some other works relating to the development of this discourse included that written by Anglin (1964), in journal article entitled, Nigeria’s Economic Alignment and political non-alignment, Douglas has attempted to capture the first four years of Nigeria‟s independence vis-à-vis foreign policy relations with the U.S.A. But this was too short a period in a nation‟s foreign policy relations. 23 Walter (1999) wrote a book entitled, Nigeria. The work gives a credible foundation of how Nigeria‟s foreign policy was driven in the First Republic and its relations with the West, but did not, however, spare enough space for the gains and pains of this venture. The book did not equally drive home the asymmetric relationship that it characterised at the time. Idary(2003) followed Schwarz‟s example in his book, Nigeria: Internal Politics and Foreign Policy under Murtala Mohammed regime. Idary maintains same stance as Schwartz when he states that the entrenchment of the principles of non-alignment with its preoccupation in African affairs, an impervious stance which at times was emphasised when Henry Kissinger, the then Secretary of State of the U.S asked Nigeria to use its influence and act as a counter weight against the Soviet and Cuban support for the MPLA in Angola, Nigeria surprisingly gave MPLA a N 13.5 million aid in total opposition to the West and this led to the victory of the MPLA.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine assessment of the relationship between Nigeria and USA 2010 to 2019. Ministry of Foreign affairs in Abuja form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain assessment of the relationship between Nigeria and USA 2010 to 2019. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing assessment of the relationship between Nigeria and USA 2010 to 2019
Summary
This study was assessment of the relationship between Nigeria and USA 2010 to 2019. Three objectives were raised which included: To know the the patterns of the Nigeria-USA relations since 1999-2020, to ascertain the domestic and global terrorism that affect Nigeria-USA relations, to know the role has democracy played in the Nigeria-USA relations since 1999-2020 and to find out the impacts of the United States of America on Nigeria since 1999-2020. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected staff of ministry of foreign affairs. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The global system has evolved to a point where there seems to be no barrier in relations among states from far and near through the aid of what is nowknown as multinational corporations. But, the question is: How multinational arethese multinational companies? The fact is that these corporations are mainlyowned by the imperial states in Western Europe and America. The relations between Nigeria and the US therefore seem uneven as thelatter enjoys more control and dominance over the former. The aid offered by theUS Government to Nigeria for the country‟s first national development plan, for instance, acted as a spur for the US subsequent domination of Nigeria‟s crude oil market beginning from the 1970s to the 21st century. It also served to keep Nigeriaaway from the Communist encroachments as the US saw that as an opportunity to win 70 over a very good ally in the West African sub region.Nigeria- US bilateral ties constitute the essential channels through which the American personnel and agencies seem to exercise leverage on the policy makingenvironment in Nigeria, and in a manner that is beneficial to the United States‟interests and policy objectives. In conclusion the world is indeed faced with a new reality, a reality in which the current conceptions of national interest seem untenable, and cause us to always want to think global and in universal terms, and then develop a principle of international relations based on universal welfare.
Recommendation
From the study, it is clear that Nigeria‟s bilateral relations with the United States spanned the entire years of the country‟s existence as a sovereign nation. Of note, every aspect of the intercourse, particularly the four key areas examined in this study, have been increasingly driven by the US pursuit of its pragmatic national interests while perpetuating foreign dependency, domination and exploitation on the nation, thus exerting some negative external forces on domestic programmes Packenham (1992). Although Nigeria requires development partners on the global stage to contribute to its growth in the Fourth Republic and the future, it cannot depend solely on the United States to realize her aspirations. In order to exploit foreign policy as an instrument of national transformation, Nigeria‟s foreign relations, especially its bilateral relations, must now be prioritized. As the nation continues to pursue its transformation agenda in the fourth republic, this study recommend, among other things, that Nigeria should concentrate its foreign policy attention and resources on cultivating special bilateral relationships with countries that are strategic to its development aspirations as an emerging industrial, political and regional power. Nigeria should henceforth engage primarily in those relations that are potentially strategic to the nation‟s national transformation. As Ate (2001) had earlier suggested, countries with which Nigeria should forge a special relationship, based on economic, democratic and security considerations might include Germany, France, China, Malaysia and India. In economic sphere, the strategic options that are available to Nigeria derived from the ability of the policy makers to develop a programme of systematic exploitation of the vital indices of relations with a strategic country and international institutions to advance the economic transformation agenda. These options should focus on a creative manipulation of channels of foreign direct investments, development assistance, trade ties, military relations and technological-scientific flows. It is crucial for Nigeria to maintain a strong and mutually beneficial bilateral relationship with the United States because of the central importance of America in the global economy, politics and international security Warris (2007). The Nigerian-American partnership must be constructed and managed in strategic terms, on the broad model of America‟s relationship with South Korea, Taiwan and Japan after World War II.
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