Assessment of Teaching and Learning Through Infrastructure Provision in Basic Primary School in Bassa Local Government Area of Kogi State
Chapter One
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This research work is an attempt to:
i Analyse maintenance of school infrastructure and effective teaching learning in public primary school.
ii. Examine its functionality.
iii. Determine the extent to which functional aspect has been helpful to the public primary schools in Nigeria.
iv. Finally, the research work will see how to fulfill the desired vision for the maintenances of school infrastructure and effective teaching learning by the school administrator.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
According to Richard (2010) theoretical framework is the combinations of the theories that have been tested and found true to be used academically and in theoretical corner stone; it gives an explicit relationship among the variables. Clearly qualitative research paradigms are couched in a realist perspective and qualitative research paradigms are couched in an idealist perspective (Bogdan &Biklen, 1982). This study is centred and guided on Abraham Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory. The needs hierarchy theory as propounded by Abraham H. Maslow(1954).This 10 theory suggests that in order a student or an individual person to realize educational academic performance a couple of issues should be dealt in sequence. Every level of need is achieved as the successor of the former level and this cannot be done out of the quality conditioned infrastructure in schools and learning institution in general.
Physiological Needs
These include needs to satisfy hunger, thirst, sex, shelter, and other bodily needs. Physiological needs are the most basis and their fulfilment is essential for survival. The concept of dormitories and classrooms rise in this Maslow’s needs whereby they provide housings of the students. Schools need to be in quality infrastructure facilities to quench the students’ education thirsty. Water facilities, dining hall, playgrounds, recreational halls and spaces are important components in education for students to take breakfast, lunch or supper because students go there to satisfy their hunger and thirsty. Later students get back in classrooms with fresh mind to resume their studies of which in the end they do examinations perform better and prosper in academic excellence.
Safety Needs
Safety needs includes security and protection from physical and emotional harm. They are needs for freedom from threats, danger, or deprivation, and involves selfpreservation. Subsequently, in view safe and free from danger infrastructure cannot be ignored in school’s environments. Students need calm and peaceful environment that can lead and enhance thinking, memory retention and recalling of the information in terms of knowledge they acquire in classroom and in school environment in general, eventually to achieving the educational goals. Safety infrastructure offer necessity to both teachers and students. For instance special group students such as students with albinism, handicapped, blind and deaf need proper environment for inclusive education success. The concept of the school fence and procedure for in and out of strangers comes here, is to ensure security and safety of the school, students, and their properties and secured learning environment.
Belongingness and Love Needs
These include the desire for affection, belongingness acceptance and friendship. These needs are concerned with an individual’s ability to exist in harmony and love with other people. Infrastructure play an important role because it is where students get time to exhibit their talent and capacity potentiality of each other in academic, from their fellow students love and identity is realized. The concept of infrastructure rises due to the fact that love and the sense of belongingness cannot be achieved in threatening environment. Thus, the theory demand conducive environment translated into infrastructure for individual student to love school and learning in general.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine assessment Of Teaching And Learning Through Infrastructure Provision In Basic Primary School In Bassa Local Government Area Of Kogi State. Selected primary schools in Bassa Local Government Area Of Kogi State, Nigeria form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.\
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Assessment Of Teaching And Learning Through Infrastructure Provision In Basic Primary School In Bassa Local Government Area Of Kogi State.. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing Assessment of Teaching and Learning Through Infrastructure Provision In Basic Primary School
Summary
This study was on Assessment of Teaching and Learning Through Infrastructure Provision in Basic Primary School In Bassa Local Government Area Of Kogi State. Three objectives were raised which included: Analyse maintenance of school infrastructure and effective teaching learning in public primary school, examine its functionality, determine the extent to which functional aspect has been helpful to the public primary schools in Nigeria, Finally, the research work will see how to fulfill the desired vision for the maintenances of school infrastructure and effective teaching learning by the school administrator. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from Kogi state Nigeria. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The relationship between student achievement and infrastructure condition has been perfectly expressed in the phrase of Prof. Berner “Good infrastructure is truly at the base of quality education”. This may be due to the reason of socio-economic barrier, political problem and low accessibility of the area. The present approach may help facilitate more relevant and effective educational micro-planning based on logical conditions and reasoning, it can also be applied in other regions of Nigeria or abroad. Moreover, this study may also help the investors and funding bodies, as well as those who are responsible for planning, managing and designing educational facilities to take necessary action in those areas suffering from the deficiencies of elementary school infrastructure in the near future. Overall, the results of this study demonstrated that the Geoinformatics technology is a powerful tool for assessing the current status of infrastructure development zone, based on which concerned decision makers can formulate an efficient elementary infrastructure development plan for the study area to achieve the success
Recommendation
- Infrastructure Assessment: Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the existing infrastructure in basic primary schools, including classrooms, libraries, sanitation facilities, and other amenities. Identify areas that require improvement or renovation.
- Resource Allocation: Allocate sufficient resources to upgrade and maintain the infrastructure in basic primary schools. This may involve increasing budgetary allocations or seeking external funding through government initiatives, public-private partnerships, or community involvement.
- Teacher Training: Provide professional development opportunities for teachers to enhance their skills in utilizing the available infrastructure effectively. Training programs can focus on integrating technology, utilizing resources, and creating engaging learning environments.
- Inclusive Design: Ensure that the infrastructure is designed to be inclusive and accessible to students with disabilities. Considerations should be given to ramps, elevators, special equipment, and other accommodations that promote inclusivity.
- Community Engagement: Involve the local community, parents, and other stakeholders in the process of assessing infrastructure needs and implementing improvements. Their participation and support can contribute to the sustainability and success of the initiatives.
References
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