Adaptation of Nigerian Handcraft Woven and Printed Fabrics for Apparel Production and Fashion Appreciation

Adaptation of Nigerian Handcraft Woven and Printed Fabrics for Apparel Production and Fashion Appreciation

CHAPTER ONE

Objectives of the Study.

The objectives of this study are:

Checklist materials and tools for hand weaving and printing fabrics toward possible manipulation in design and production of innovative apparels in Nigeria
Carry out the practical production based on the design of the handcrafted wovenand printed fabrics towards innovation in fashion industry in Nigeria
Encourage and promote creativity in fashion sector in Nigeria
Assessthe influence of foreign fashion on moral diminution of both the indigenous and contemporary fashion and Nigeriaculturein general and especially on youth of today.

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Introduction

This chapter reviews the literature related to the research topic. The following areas are the major concentration in the review of related literature in this study. They include: Concept of weaving, Types of weaving,Types of woven fabrics in Nigeria, Concept of printing, Types of printing,Economic value, Appreciation of the socio-cultural trend, Nigerian culture, Apparel and Fashion,Influence of westernization on apparel and fashion among the youths,Possible negative effects of clothing, and African prints.

Concept of Weaving

Weaving is acknowledged as one of the oldest surviving crafts in the world. The tradition of weaving traces back to the Neolithic times aproximately12, 000 years ago even before the actual process of weaving was discovered.The basic principle of weaving was applied to interlace branches and twigs to create fences, shelters and baskets for protection. Twenty thousand to thirty thousand years ago early man developed the first string by twisting together plant fibers as documented by Janis(www.weavedesign.en/weaving-history) .

According to Nanahawa (2014), “Weaving is a technique of interlacing threads, that is, placing them into vertical and horizontal line direction (thread) and which are also known as warp and weft, manipulated to achieve a whole woven fabric design with the aid of a loop”. According to Lamb and Homles (1980),“the longitudinal threads are called the warp and the interlacing threads are called the weft yarns and the apparatus which provides the interlacing of both the warp and the weft yarns is called the loom”. According to Ada (2006), in his review on literature of hand crafted fabric weaving shows that “weaving serves as one of the sources of inspiration in both woven and printed fabrics”. He pointed out that Eicher (1976) and Claire (1984) noted that “designs from handcrafted woven fabrics can serve as the sources of design inspiration in weaving industries”. Ali (1986) also reported that “the origin is not so clear but the idea of weaving clearly preceded the loom by thousands of years. The concept of weaving extends the usage of loom to the use of raffia for embroidery”.Dutsenwai (2008) in support of Rogers (2005) opined that “embroidery is the embellishment of a fabric with designs worked in threads with needle. In the early stage of man, he began to choose more flexible materials for the warps, which required some device to hold the warps rigid during the weaving process”.

Threads and strings of different sizes were knotted and laced together to make many useful things. Finger weaving, lacing and knotting together of threads by hand, is still used today by many weavers. During the Neolithic era mankind developed great skill in weaving cloth. The first loom according to Held (1973) most likely consisted of two states between one set of fibers was stretched. Textiles, especially woven pieces were produced in Nigeria long before the European contact (Sieber 1972). In support of this view, Bolland (1992) observed that “there was evidence that bundled fibers were in Igbo-Ukwu over 1000years ago, while woven fabrics were also found at Ife”. Clarke (1998) also noted that “felted bark cloth was probably the oldest form of indigenous African cloth while woven cloth fabrics dating to the eight century have been found in the burial site in Niger”. Similarly, among the finds of Igbo-Ukwu and Ife are woven fabrics.

CHAPTER THREE

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Introduction

This chapter describeshow the entire study was carried out.

Research Design

Research design is a detailed outcome of how the method of design and production of woven and printed technique took place; it typically includes how data is to be collected, what instrument will be used and the intended means for analyzing data collected. The exploratory research method was employed in this research because it involves the production of hand woven and printed designs which will be manipulated for apparel and fashion appreciation.

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS ANDDISCUSSION

Introduction

Data Presentation and Analysis

The questionnaire administered comprised of closed and open ended questions where respondents were made to choose from possible answers provided in the case of closed question while they expressed their views in written forms to the open ended question. In all, 23 questions were asked.

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Introduction.

This chapter is a summary of the entire study, consisting of major findings, conclusion and recommendations.

Summary

The Study revealedsome sources of creating innovation in contemporary Nigerian fashion apparel that canbe improved upon for exploitation in the socio cultural and economic values in not only Kaduna State, but other states in
The study also confirmsthat the needed equipment, tools, materials and facilities for production of contemporary hand crafted woven and printed fabrics (such items as looms, printing table, dyes, assorted yarns, dyes assistants and white cotton fabrics)are found in Kaduna State. This was supported by 67% of respondents from the administered questionnaires in the
The findings also shows that the production of the hand crafted woven and printed fabrics are possible in Kaduna State through some of the products turned out in the
The findings in the study equally indicated,that the use of modern industrialized processed equipment and materials can go side by side for any possible production of hand crafted woven and printed fabrics for fashion apparel in Kaduna
It further acknowledges the influence of modern technology and ideas in the production of hand crafted woven and printed fabrics by the utilization of some industrial processed

Conclusion of the Study

The researcher wants to state that, the objectives set out for this study were largely achieved. Certain similarities and differences have been identified between handcrafted fabrics and the contemporary fabrics meant for apparel and fashion. More so, the major handcrafted woven and printed fabrics have been outlined.

Comparative analysis of craft has been undertaken on the basis of some aspect of statistical form. This is to understand the level of significant relationship in some aspects of the study.

From the research carried out and results obtained, it is concluded that the handcrafted woven and printed fabric produced in the country can be used to produce fashionable apparel, encourage decent dressing and self-employment among youths of today. The potential of the fabrics in the production is underutilized by consumers not experimenting other possible manipulation of both products.

Contribution to knowledge

This Studywill serve as one of the steps to impact the knowledge of handcrafted weaving and printing not necessarily depending on machines. In weaving, vertical loom or horizontal loom equipment can be used for production of handcrafted printing techniques such as stencil; screen, block printing and so
In colour separation, the use of colour can be done by hand without the use of colour separation machines and the need of electricity will not arise in order to hinder production.
The production process though hectic, will still bring out a good result if done with care and patience no matter how large the material may

In addition to knowledge, hand crafted woven and printed fabric can be combined or sewn together to give it a different look for apparel and fashion.

Recommendations of the Study

Based on The analysis and findings on the field survey and the practical exploration of the study, the following recommendations have been made;

Individuals should be encouraged into opening Vocational Centers, where the design of such decorated fabrics can be learnt, this will create self-employment to the youths as well as making them appreciate our cultural
The government should also assist the indigenous fabric producers and designers by giving them access to funds by way of affordable loan and materials that will enable them produce massively for both local and international
The concept of good morals has to be given serious attention in Nigeria and Kaduna state in particular by parents, teachers and other organizational heads to salvage all the negative practice associated with dresses that expose the immoral standing of the youths in
Young fashion designers should endeavor to learn more about Nigerian culture to enable them incorporate ideas from traditional sources such as local symbols, and motifs into the designing and production of clothes that can equally meet international standard. This will speak of the Nigerian culture to the outside world in a different

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