Gender Analysis of Attitude of Youth Towards Agriculture in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Maiduguri, Borno State
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain the gender attitudes of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri
- To investigate the respondents’ attitudes towards the agricultural occupation.
- To identify the effect of selected socio-economic variables (gender, age, education and marital status) on the attitudes of the respondents
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY
Sustainable rural livelihoods (ensuring quality of life and sustainability of the production systems) in Nigeria depend on agriculture and natural resources (forests, trees, soil, water, fisheries); indeed, agriculture is the lifeline of the rural economy. Women play important roles as farmers, food producers, and natural resource managers. Though major contributors to food production and food security, women’s contributions are hardly recognized and are poorly documented. Women also carry out informal activities (unpaid care activities) that are not officially accounted for in the systems of national accounts, thereby undervaluing their contributions and overlooking the impact of their activities on the overall development of the economy. This poor documentation and non-recognition may not be unconnected to social constructs and cultural inclinations that value everything male as superior to everything female. In Nigeria, patriarchy guides roles, responsibilities, laws, policies, norms, and practices. Patriarchy is defined as a system of male supremacy and female subordination that is strengthened by value systems and cultural norms that propagate the notion of women’s inferiority. In Nigeria, gender relations, which are the ways in which a culture or society defines rights, responsibilities, and the identities of men and women in relation to one another, are informed by patriarchy. Often this relationship is tilted in favour of men, giving more power to the men and creating inequalities in terms of power, decision making, access to resources, and benefits. The inequalities arising from patriarchal norms are also reflected in the challenges, constraints, and discrimination women farmers face on a daily basis. These challenges need to be understood and addressed in the fight against poverty and food insecurity. Agriculture is most accurately and usefully understood as an umbrella term denoting a wide range of activities – crop, livestock, and fisheries value chains – that link farmers and rural people with livelihoods and food and nutrition security. Agriculture continues to be the main source of income among the rural poor, and farmers depend on agriculture for their wealth creation, improved livelihoods, and food and nutrition security. However, the impacts of conflict on food security and nutrition are significantly worse when the conflict is protracted and compounded by weak institutional response capacity and other stress factors, such as vulnerability to climate change (FAO 2017). This is the situation in the north-east of Nigeria, where the conflict is part of a long history of chronic underdevelopment and higher rates of poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, and food insecurity.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to gender analysis of attitude of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri metropolitan council, Maiduguri, Borno state
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source and Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on gender analysis of attitude of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri metropolitan council, Maiduguri, Borno state. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of gender analysis of attitude of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri metropolitan council, Maiduguri, Borno state
Summary
This study was on gender analysis of attitude of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri metropolitan council, Maiduguri, Borno state. Three objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the gender attitudes of youth towards agriculture in Maiduguri, to investigate the respondents’ attitudes towards the agricultural occupation, to identify the effect of selected socio-economic variables (gender, age, education and marital status) on the attitudes of the respondents. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 residents of Maiduguri, Borno state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made village heads, students, youths and married men were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
- Rural youth is important unlimmitted and un-appreciated resource for both rural and urban societies. They
- make up a significant portion of the workforce in both rural and urban communities. The importance of the
- youths to the community and national development is without doubt because the various programs directed
- at them by the government at various times gives credence to this goal. Youths generally need proper harnessing so that they could maintain reliable and acceptable status in their locality. This study concluded
Rural youth is important unlimmitted and un-appreciated resource for both rural and urban societies. They make up a significant portion of the workforce in both rural and urban communities. The importance of the youths to the community and national development is without doubt because the various programs directed at them by the government at various times gives credence to this goal. Youths generally need proper harnessing so that they could maintain reliable and acceptable status in their locality. This study concluded that youths are the major clientele group needed for agricultural transformation in the country. Understanding attitudes of rural youths towards agricultural occupation and providing relevant recommendations is expected to solve labor bottlenecks in agriculture in the maiduguri in general and in the NMs in particular. Such recommendations may encourage the rural youths to stay at their hometown (the NMs) to practice agriculture i.e. the main economic activity in the study area.
Recommendation
The government, NGOs, community development organizations, UNs agencies concerned with agriculture (e.g. FAO, IFAD), and youths organizations should provide some incentives such as banking facilities, subsidized agricultural inputs and extension services to keep youth in the farming profession. Government should place stronger emphasis on the technical education especially agricultural extension and vocational training
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