Challenges of Teaching and Learning of Basic Technology in Junior Secondary Schools
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To find out instructional material challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Secondary Schools
- To determine teacher-related challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Junior Secondary Schools
- To ascertain time-related challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Junior Secondary schools and finally
- To find out strategies that can be used to minimize these challenges
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Influence of teacher’s qualification in the teaching of Basic Technology
Qualified basic technology teachers are needed for effective teaching of practical and technical subject in our secondary school. Their effectiveness can be measured by how they are able to lead people of the area of this study to achieve the goals of technological advancement through their jobs. The importance of qualified teachers in the teaching and learning of basic technology cannot be over stressed because technical knowledge is an indispensable factor in the realization of technological development. To be a qualified teacher of basic technology, one needs to be professional trained in the area of technologically based on subjects. Okoro (1993) stressed that for any teacher to be qualified to teach basic technology in junior secondary schools, the teacher must have obtained B.sc or at least N .C .E. in the relevant field. The National policy on Education (2004) made room for professional training of all teachers. It also stated that no educational system can be better than the quality of the teachers. Olaitan (1997), pointed out that technology based subjects received less attention s unqualified teachers are made to teach them and this made the implementation of policies, procurement of facilities and equipment to suffer. In the view of Okafor (1991), the limited number of qualified teachers in all the educational levels poses great threats to effectiveness and efficiency in teaching. Professional training has been identified as the best way to produce good and great teachers
Instructional Facilities for Effective Teaching of Basic Technology
The main reason of using instructional resources and equipment in the classroom teaching in general is to arouse all the senses in the learning process. This is to say that instructional facilities and materials are information carries designed specifically to fulfill objectives in teaching learning situation. Tools, equipment and facilities which are of various types are essential for effective instruction in secondare” school this is because basic technology is practical based in nature. Instructional resources according to Okoro (1993) are the materials and devices which teachers use to make lessons more understandable and meaningful. Abdulahi (2008) also stated that instructional materials are material objects locally made or imported that could make tremendous enhancement of lessons as most learners have deficiency in understanding certain concepts as a result of their level of cognitive operation Basic Technology is a doing subject which has to do with skill acquisition.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to Challenges of teaching and learning of basic technology in Junior Secondary Schools.
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source and Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
INTRODUCTION
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on challenges of teaching and learning of basic technology in Junior Secondary Schools. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of teaching and learning of basic technology in Junior Secondary Schools
Summary
This study was on challenges of teaching and learning of basic technology in Junior Secondary Schools. Four objectives were raised which included: To find out instructional material challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Secondary Schools, to determine teacher-related challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Junior Secondary Schools, to ascertain time-related challenges encountered in the teaching and learning of Basic Technology in Junior Secondary schools and finally and to find out strategies that can be used to minimize these challenges. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected secondary schools in Uyo, Akwa Ibom state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made principals, vice principals adm, senior staff and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Another area of this study which could have been a breakthrough for the teaching for the teaching of Basic Technology is the way guidance counselors go about their duty by not giving attention to students’ personal social problems, providing information relevant to the study of basic technology and they do not work with the students to develop proper study habits. According to the findings of the stud} the demonstration method could not do it alone, other methods like field trip and project method should also be applied.
RECOMMENDATION
- Government should pay proper attention in equipping secondary school workshops.
- Appropriate instructional materials should be made available by the government for the teaching of Basic Technology.
- The guidance counselors should be sanctioned by the school management when they fail to carry out their duties in giving attention to students’ personal social problems, provision of information relevant to the study of basic technology etc.
- Students should be taken out on field trip to relevant places from time to time also teachers should adopt project method of instruction in teaching the students.
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