Meta-analysis Effect of Game on Student of Secondary Schools
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To determine the effect size for each of the studies examined
- To determine the Mean effect size of all the studies examined
- To determine the results of the previous studies on games and students’ mathematics achievement in Secondary schools
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of Meta-Analysis
In statistics, a meta-analysis refers to methods focused on contrasting and combining results from different studies, in the hope of identifying patterns among study results, sources of disagreement among those results, or other interesting relationship that may come to light in the context of multiple studies (Green & O’Rourke, 2008). According to Hugue (1988), meta-analysis is a statistical analysis which combines or integrates the results of several independent studies considered by the analyst to be combinable. Historically, the first meta-analysis was performed by Karl Pearson in 1904, in an attempt to overcome the problem of reduced statistical power in studies with small sample sizes; analyzing the results from a group of studies can allow more accurate data analysis (Egger & Smith, 1997; O’Rourke, 2007). However, the first metaanalysis of all conceptually identical experiments concerning a particular research issue, and conducted by independent researchers, has been identified as the 1940 book-length publication, ‘Extra-sensory perception after six years’, authored by Duke University Psychologists J. G. Pratt, J. B. Rhine and associates (Bosch, 2004). Bosch also stated that in the 1970s, more sophisticated analytical techniques were introduced in educational research, starting with the work of Gene V. Glass, Frank L. Schmidt and John E. Hunter. The term ‘meta-analysis’ was coined by Gene V. Glass, who was the first modern statistician to formalize the use of meta-analysis and is widely recognized as the modern founder of the method (Glass, 1976). Meta-analysis refers to the analysis of analyses …. The statistical analysis of large collection of analysis results from individual studies for the purpose of integrating the findings (Glass, 1976 ). It can be referred to as a basic quantitative procedure for combining and comparing research results (Rosenthal, 1984). Fraser & Walberg (1981) sees meta-analysis as statistical techniques for bringing together a large group of numerical result from a variety of studies. In the view of Lyons (2003), meta-analysis is seen as a set of statistical procedures designed to accumulate experimental and correlational results across independent studies that address a related set of research questions. 23 From the discussion so far, meta-analysis could be seen as the statistical procedures for combining data from multiple studies that address the same issues in the hope of identifying patterns and sources of disagreement among those study results.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to Meta analysis effect of game on student of secondary schools
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source and Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on Meta analysis effect of game on student of secondary schools. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Meta analysis effect of game on student of secondary schools
Summary
This study was on Meta analysis effect of game on student of secondary schools. Three objectives were raised which included: To determine the effect size for each of the studies examined, to determine the Mean effect size of all the studies examined and to determine the results of the previous studies on games and students’ mathematics achievement in Secondary schools . In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected secondary schools in Oredo local government in Edo state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made cyber principals, vice principals administration, senior staffs and junior staffs were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The results of this study reveal that the game method of teaching is significantly more effective than the conventional teaching method. Based on the results and implications of the findings, the teachers should be sensitized and trained on the effective use of games in mathematics teaching and learning. This could be achieved through organizing workshops and inviting resource persons, by the government and by the school heads from time to time.
Recommendation
Teachers should use a variety of teaching methods within the framework of the top three teaching methods cooperative learning, technology aided instruction and manipulative, models and multiple representations in the categories of teaching methods examined in this study
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