Assessment of the Impact of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) on Educational Development a Study of Selected Senior Secondary Schools in Kaduna State, Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of ICT on the educational development of senior secondary schools‟ students of Kaduna State. Other objectives are to:
- Compare the rate of knowledge and usage of ICT between senior secondary school students in the urban areas and their counterparts in the rural areas of Kaduna state.
- Study the effects of ICT on the Academic activities of senior secondary school students‟ in Kaduna
- Study the Relationship between ICT and the Academic Performance of senior secondary school students in Kaduna
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Literature Review
Introduction
In this chapter, literature review covers issues concerning historical background of education in Nigeria, educational development, ICT and educational development, government policies on IT, effects of Internet on College Students in particular and the youths in general, effects of International satellite media on College Students in particular and the youths in general, and other related issues.
Also, in line with the research design, theoretical framework follows.
ICT and Education
The centrality of education in the survival and development of every society can never be overemphasised. And any influence on education in any giving society cans tantamount to significant consequence on that society. It is a fundamental yardstick for measuring development of societies; hence, it is an area of concern to every society. More so, to the developing countries who are trying to catch up with their developed counterparts. In recent years, where the world became opened for unfettered competition under the concept of liberalisation and other related concepts, education has become key tool that enables societies properly compete and yield positive result out of the competition. At present, ICT has become central in educational development throughout the globe, therefore, the ability or lack of it of any society to incorporate ICT and pursue its proper utilization by the citizenry will largely determine the success and growth of that society or otherwise. In recent times, the use of highly sophisticated means of transportation and information and communications technology has reduced the world to a global village; the use of fax machine, satellite and cable T.V as well as the internet has swept away the national cultural boundaries (Abdulraheem Y. 2012).
The uses of ICT is making major differences in the learning of students and teaching approaches. Schools in the Western World invested a lot for ICT infrastructures over the last 20 years, and students use computers more often and for a much larger range of applications (Volman, 2005). Several studies reveal that students using ICT facilities mostly show higher learning gains than those who do not use, (Mikre, 2011).
Nigerian government in the year 2000 developed a policy on Information Technology (IT), with the aim of making the country IT compliant among African countries. The motive was also to incorporate the use of ICT as a tool for sustainable development in the country. The accomplishment of this mission started with the creation and effective take up of National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) in 2000.
Concept of Educational Development
Scholars viewed educational development from various view points, while some viewed it from a broader perspective; some viewed it from a narrower perspective. According to Taylor, Frenay, and Clement, (2008), “The term was broader than faculty development, in that it encompassed instructional, curriculum, organizational, and some aspects of faculty development. In another sense, the term was narrower in that it focused on the teaching domain, as opposed to all aspects of academic career development” (Taylor et al P.2). According to (Knight and Wilcox, 1998 in Taylor et al 2008), educational development entails “all the work that is done systematically to help faculty members to do their best to foster student learning”. In this sense, educational development involves policy, administrative as well as ad hoc decisions concerning education. Each and every stakeholder is expected to play a distinguishing role towards achieving educational development.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
This chapter discussed issues concerning methodological procedure followed in the study such as, research design, population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, sources of data, instrument for data collection, data presentation and analysis. Problems of the study and ways of mitigating them, check list also formed part of chapter.
Research Design
The research was an exploratory one; whereby, it studied; knowledge and usage of ICT among selected senior secondary school students in Kaduna state. Also, the research was a descriptive one in which, an attempt was made to describe the nature of usage of ICT by the senior secondary schools‟ students in Kaduna State. The study use primary and secondary sources of data. Primary data was collected by means of questionnaire administered to the selected sample, and through interview with some stakeholders including education mangers, teachers and parents.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
The study used primary source of data as earlier stated in chapter three item 3.7. The data was collected by means of questionnaire administered to the selected sample, and through interview with some stakeholders. A total of Three hundred and Ninety Nine (399) questionnaires were administered to the respondents, and 367 (92%) were returned. In the same vein, 16 people were interviewed; Principals of the selected schools, a teacher each from the schools, examination Officers of the selected schools and one parent each from the locations.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of the study
This research work was inspired by the recent development recorded in the area of ICT, which gave people greater access to information and knowledge. This development in return exposes the younger generations to various forms of effects springing out from the contents of these ICT. Hence, the study explores the effect of ICT on educational development of senior secondary schools‟ students in Kaduna state. Therefore, the study answered among others, the question; „To what extent are variations in terms of knowledge and usage of ICT between senior secondary schools‟ students in urban areas and their counterparts in the rural areas in Kaduna state?‟ Main objective of the study was to assess the impact of ICT on the educational development of senior secondary schools‟ students of Kaduna State.
Conclusion
As per the findings of the study, virtually there was a little development recorded on the educational development of the senior secondary schools students in Kaduna state which can be attributed to effect on ICT. Also, there are virtually no significant variations in terms of knowledge and usage of ICT between students of the urban areas and their counterparts of the rural areas. In addition, performance of the students both in the urban and in the rural areas remains relatively the same, before and after the advent of the ICT. Their performance continues to fluctuate throughout the period under study; hence, the ICT has negligible impact on their performance. While in terms of academic activities, the ICT is not retarding their academic activities; more so, most of them says they use ICT for academic purposes. In terms of government intervention, the effort wasn‟t sufficient to effectively streamline the schools to the main stream of IT world.
Recommendations
- A careful plan should be made by the state ministry of education in collaboration with the schools‟ authorities to systematically devise a means of guidance and control of students‟ attitude towards ICT. This is to make their inclination to it more productive to their academic and attitudinal aspects. This can be done by introducing certain changes and innovations in the schools‟ curriculum that can be attractive and easy to comprehend by the students, which is capable of satisfying their desire for fun and at the same time will enhance their academic capabilities and their mind-set.
- A periodic gathering in form of workshop or seminar should be arranged by the Zonal Education Offices across the state, so as to bring together students, the teachers and resource persons from outside, to discuss issues pertaining ICT. This will avail the students an opportunity to learn things to benefit from the ICT, and what to aloof from it.
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