The Effect of Time Management on Employees’ Performance (Case Study of Silver Bird Cinema, Lagos)
Chapter One
Objectives
- To examine the impact of time management approaches on the performance among employees of Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos.
- To study the factors that cause low employee job performance in an organization.
- To provide suggestive measures for the problem of time management in Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEWED OF RELATED LITERATURE
Time Management
According to Ahmad et al (2012) time management refers to a conscious effort made by a person to be effective and efficient and managing the tasks at hand. According to Njagi and Malel (2012), organizations these days are focusing more on time management because of the fact that performance and effectiveness of the organization as a whole is dependent upon the effective usage of time; fundamental to job performance is the issue of not using time effectively or mismanaging it.
Classens et al (2005) defines time management as the product of fast paced world that is growing smaller and smaller in terms of distance and time taken to communicate or work; time therefore according to them is of visible importance to any and most people in the world.
Job Performance
According to Ahmad et al (2012) job performance refers to completion of tasks in the specified time frame; job performance is calculated in terms of the time available for the job, time of start of job and specified end time of job. Classens et al (2005) suggests that using of simple work plans or checklists can help increase the systematic performance of each employee through the use of effective time management tool. According to Miqdadi et al (2014) there are factors that stop a person from effective time management and as a result effective job performance like: Procrastination for instance. Performance and satisfaction on the job are linked to time management through the influence of lower level of stress (Nonis, Fenner & Sager, 2011).
Review of Relationship
As covered in the previous parts of this chapter it is visible and confirmed that time management and job performance are linked to one another and one has the impact of another; be it a positive impact or a negative impact. Moreover, the literature helps identify the fact that there are other variables that influence performance and there are different results of the increased performance. For example, Motivation increases performance; According to Akah Williams (2010) motivation and employee performance have a relationship where motivation positively influences on the job performance of employee(s). This is a logical relationship, one would perform better if he/she is motivated and feels good about the job he/she is doing to make a living, and however, previous studies have proven this relationship.
Moving on, performance has its own results and outcomes. Where one would suggest performance is linked to benefits and compensation some other author suggests that performance is linked to employee engagement and commitment. Hassen and Danaher (1999) link performance with customer satisfaction and conclude that however there exists a relationship between the two variables, in order to achieve a stronger positive impact; consistency is the key to high performance and high performance positively impacts to increase the level of customer satisfaction.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine the effect of time management on employees’ performance. Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of time management on employees’ performance. Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the effect of time management on employees’ performance.
Summary
This study was on the effect of time management on employees’ performance. Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos. Three objectives were raised which included: • To examine the impact of time management approaches on the performance among employees of Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos, to study the factors that causes low employee job performance in an organization and to provide suggestive measures for the problem of time management in Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from Silver Bird CINEMA, Lagos. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
It is crucial to recognize that the cinema industry, the unique policies and practices of Silver Bird Cinema, and the specific roles and responsibilities of its employees all influence the relationship between time management and performance. Therefore, the study’s findings are relevant to the context of Silver Bird Cinema in Lagos and provide valuable insights for the company’s management and employees.
As a result of these findings, it is recommended that Silver Bird Cinema invest in initiatives and training programs aimed at improving time management skills among its workforce. These efforts can contribute to a more efficient and productive work environment, thereby benefiting both the employees and the organization as a whole.
In conclusion, this study has underscored the importance of time management as a critical factor in enhancing employee performance at Silver Bird Cinema. It is hoped that these insights will inform future strategies and practices within the organization, ultimately leading to a more productive and satisfying work experience for all stakeholders.
Recommendation
Time must by treated with care by all since time management of its employees influences the productivity of the bottom line of the organization. (Most executives are idle about time management). For an organization to have employees who are time conscious the managers have to be seen as efficient in their time usage and that the organization itself should plan and control the processes. The effectiveness of employees’ usage of time now influences the productivity level of the organization in future. Time is made up of series of events and to effectively manage time means controlling events. Organizations need to skill their employees to work effectively with regard to time since that’s the only way organization can control time but cannot control it by itself.
References
- Ahmed, N. et al (2012). The Relationship between Time Management and Job Performance in Event Management. SciVere ScienceDirect, Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65 ( 2012 ) 937 – 941
- Akah William (2010). Employee Motivation and Performance. Mikkeli University of Applied Sciences.
- Classens, B. et al (2005). A review of the time management literature. Emerald, 0048-3486, Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
- Hansen and Danaher (1999). Inconsistent Performance during the Service Encounter. Journal of Service Research.
- Lakein, Alan (1973). How to Get Control of Your Time and Your Life. New York: P.H. Wyden.
- Miqdadi, F. et al (2014). The Relationship between Time Management and the Academic Performance of Students from the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi, the UAE. ASEE 2014 Zone I Conference, April 3-5, 2014, University of Bridgeport, Bridgpeort, CT, USA.
- Morgenstern, Julie (2004). Time Management from the Inside Out: The Foolproof System for Taking Control of Your Schedule—and Your Life (2nd ed.). New York: Henry Holt/Owl Books. pp. 285.
- Njagi, L., & Malel, J. (2012). Time Management and Job Performance in Selected Parastatals in Kenya. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, Vol.2 No.05 [19-29].
