Teachers and Students Perceptions of Problems of Effective Teaching and Learning of English Language and Computer Science in Junior Secondary School
Chapter One
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study is to find out the reasons why there is problems of effective teaching learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary schools, and these reasons are:
- Lack of qualified teachers of English language and computer science in schools.
- Over-population of students in a class.
- Inadequate provision of instructional material for teaching of English and computer science.
- The time allotted for teaching and learning of these subjects is not enough.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter reviews the literature on the effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school. It discusses issues arising from the topic of interest as viewed from different perspectives, with a view of giving a theoretical and empirical foundation to the study.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Perceptions of Students’ towards English language According to MoE (2006), students’ perceptions towards English language can have a significant effect on the achievement of their expectations. Teaching methods and learning activities that encourage students to recognize the value and relevance of what they are learning will go a long way towards motivating students to work and learn effectively. In addition, the diversity of subjects and approaches represented in the Business curriculum will allow students to find courses that are well suited to their particular learning styles and interests. Teachers must provide a wide range of activities and assignments that encourage mastery of basic concepts and development of inquiry/ research skills. To make their programs interesting and relevant, they must help students to relate the knowledge and skills gained to issues and situations in the Business world. It is essential to emphasize the relationship of English language to the world outside the school to help students recognize that what they are studying is not just a school subject but a reality that profoundly affect their lives, the communities, and the world.In all courses, consideration should be given to including student conferences, visits from a range of quest speakers with diverse backgrounds and experiences, and trips to local businesses. Students develop a better understanding of various aspects of the study of business when they can see and experience actual examples of what they are studying. Such experiences also give them a better appreciation of the unique features of the business communities that affect their daily lives. The complex nature of business today, influenced by the restructuring of the economy, rapid advances in technology, and the globalization of the market place, requires that students be given varied opportunities
to learn about current business realities and practices. By ensuring that students engage in experiential learning and real-world applications, teachers can help them develop the practical, current business knowledge and skills they need (MoE, 2006). Kipchenger in Ndambuki (2008) researched on factors affecting enrolment of students in Economics in secondary schools of Nakuru District. The researcher used survey design and systematic random sampling to pick from three students doing business related subjects. The instruments used were questionnaires and interview schedule for Economic teachers and students. Interview schedule was also used to gather information from Head teachers and School Inspectors. The study found out that Head teachers do not pay attention to teaching of optional subjects. This made teachers to neglect and give less emphasis to the subject, making students to develop negative attitudes towards the subject. Recommendations included provision of adequate resources, organization of In-Service courses and motivation of teachers.Secondly this study used questionnaire and interview guide as instruments of data collection while the current study uses questionnaire, interview guide and document analysis guide. Thirdly this study was done in Nakuru District while the current study was done in Nandi East District. Jepkuruny (2010) researched on Analysis of Implementation of the Secondary School Integrated English language curriculum in Baringo District. The researcher used descriptive survey and naturalistic designs. Stratified simple random sampling was employed to categorize schools into provincial and district schools. This was further categorized into ‘mixed’, ‘Boys’ and ‘Girls’ schools. Simple random sampling was used to select 520 students from ten secondary schools out of an estimated 2160 students enrolled in English language. The instruments used were questionnaires for students and teachers. Interview guide was used to collect information from English language teachers and Heads of Department for Technical subjects and creative Arts. Documents Analysis guide was used to seek information on the objectives and topics in the English language curriculum and the teacher preparedness by examining professional documents.The researcher found out that the formulation of the objectives of the English language curriculum was a well thought out process although there were certain aspects of content for instance inadequacy, difficulty, progressive presentation and sequence limited achievement of objectives. Secondly teaching learning strategies and assessment method used were inappropriate for example teaching in most classrooms was teacher centered and content driven. In addition attitude of boys towards English language curriculum was more favorable than girls.According to Gailbraith and Sanders (1987, as cited in Brewer and Burgess, 2005), educators tended to teach the way they preferred to learn, a practice which would not benefit students with learning styles differing from their teachers. If the needs of these students were not met, such situations could result in a loss of motivation. Therefore, students’ perceptions on classroom environment plays essential role in giving teachers feedback on theenvironment that promotes motivation among students in the classroom. By knowing the students’ needs of a suitable classroom environment, teachers can modify the aspects of classroom environment such as teachers’ support, task orientation, affiliation, etc to satisfy the students needs of a positive classroom environment and increase their motivation in learning English language. When the motivation in learning the language has increased, the rates of dropout, playing truant and the problem of mastering 3Rs in school subjects will decrease. This will be in line with the main trusts in the Ninth Malaysia
Plan (2006-2010) that sought to provide everyone access to education (Ministry of Education Malaysia, 2007). No one to be left out from education because of the lack of motivation. Besides, it also provides an insight on better solution to produce positive classroom environment. A good relationship between teachers and students and among students has been a focus for many researchers. Some of them promote cooperative learning where students have to work together and help each other. Through the study of students’ perception on classroom environment, if one of the dimensions of Moos’ Classroom Environment Scale is a concern and a requirement of students in learning, for instance the dimension of relationship, then teachers will pay more attention on this aspect and encourage a warm relationship between teachers and students, and among students themselves. Teachers could also provide an environment that focus on cooperative learning and student-centered learning instead of authority or teacher-centered learning. By doing so, students will have the chance to learn and find the answer by themselves; indirectly this helps to motivate the students in the process of learning.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to analyse the effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school. using Idaw-River girls secondary schools, urban girls, uwani girls uwani boys secondary schools in Enugu urban.
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source and
Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information regarding the factors affecting power outage in Nigeria. This Sampling was carried out with a total of 200 questionnaires administered to executives of Idaw-River girls secondary schools, urban girls, uwani girls uwani boys secondary schools in Enugu urban whom were selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
INTRODUCTION
It is important to reiterate that the objective of this study was the effect of effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in evaluating examine the effect It is important to reiterate that the objective of this study was the factors affecting effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school.
SUMMARY
This study was undertaken to examine the effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school. It is important to reiterate that the objective of this study was the factors affecting power outages in Nigeria. The study opened with chapter one where the statement of the problem was clearly defined. The study objectives and research hypotheses were defined and formulated respectively. The study reviewed related and relevant literatures. The chapter two gave the conceptual framework, empirical and theoretical studies. The third chapter described the methodology employed by the researcher in collecting both the primary and the secondary data. The research method employed here is the descriptive survey method. The study analyzed and presented the data collected in tables and the hypotheses were tested using the chi square to test hypothesis. While the fifth chapter gives the study summary and conclusion.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This research work examines the effect of teachers and students perceptions of problems of effective teaching and learning of English language and computer science in junior secondary school.
The instruments used were questionnaire and data were collected analysis by use of percentage.
The major findings of the study are as follows: It was found that they lack concentration in English language because of mother tongue interference. Also the lack qualified teachers. They also lack teaching aids like books. They lack fund and equipment for computer laboratory so it affect teaching and learning the subject matter. We found out that short time of teaching leads to lack of understanding of the subject. We found out that lack of communication affect teaching and learning effective.
REFERENCES
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- Ernest, P. (1989). The Impact of Beliefs on the Teaching of Science and Technology. 6th International Congress of Science and Technology Education. pp. 249-254. Falmer Press Federal Republic of Nigeria (2013).
- Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). National Policy on Education. Lagos: Federal Ministry of Information.
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