The Effect of Supervision on Teachers’ Effectiveness in Some Selected Secondary Schools
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To determine effectiveness of teaching as regards to the teaching and learning process
- To ascertain the roles of supervision operating in some secondary school
- To ascertain how we can promote effectiveness in teachers’ performance
- To ascertain the factors militating against teacher’s performance during teaching and learning exercise.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
The study was based on and guided by Symbolic Interactionism theory coined by Blumer (1969), as a relevant theory fitting to explain how and why teachers‘ work performance can be influenced by head teachers‘ general and instructional supervisory practices. Essentially, Blumer believed that symbolic interactionism was a method of constructing meaning from social interactions. Symbolic interactionism emphasizes interactions among people, the use of symbols in communication and interaction, and the reality of self as constructed by others through communication and interaction with one another. Needless to say, supervision by nature is a process (Pierce and Rowell, 2005) and by so being, it involves social interaction of the supervisor (head teacher) and the (supervisee) teacher throughout the process, which is from pre-conference observation, observation and post-conference observation. It is worth noting that Blumer‘s (1969) structure of symbolic interactionism rests upon three core premises:
- People act toward things, including human beings, on the basis of the meanings they have for them.
- These meanings are derived through social interaction with others.
- These meanings are managed and transformed through an interpretive process, and finally the meanings prompt the person to action by making a change. Participants in the study were expected to share their past supervisory experiences by means of which they attached value and meaning to supervision. As the head teachers and teachers express their experiences during supervision process or research study, they were, in essence, engaging in the process of communication, creating meanings, and being prompted to act (Blumer, 1969:5). Emphasizing the role of interaction, Hunsaker and Hunsaker (2009), assert that communication, in other words interaction, is the process of sending a message to another person with the intent of evoking an outcome or a change in behavior (p.18). To communicate is to influence the actions of people and to change their attitudes (Barasa, 2007). Since perspectives are the central concept of Symbolic Interactionism theory, secondary school teachers‘ perspectives of supervision were taken into account in the study.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought the effective of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary school
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information the effective of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary school. 200 staffs of selected secondary schools in Ogun waterside Local Government Area of Ogun State was selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary school. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary school Summary
This study was on the effect of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary school. Four objectives were raised which included: To determine effectiveness of teaching as regards to the teaching and learning process, to ascertain the roles of supervision operating in some secondary school, to ascertain how we can promote effectiveness in teachers’ performance and to ascertain the factors militating against teacher’s performance during teaching and learning exercise. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staffs of selected secondary schools in Ogun waterside Local Government Area of Ogun State. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made principals, vice principal, teachers and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
However, the study found that school heads moderately supervised teachers lesson by ensuring teachers’ punctuality, effective use of instructional time and delivery of lessons in accordance with prepared lesson plans/notes. The study established that school heads periodically discussed academic performance of students with teachers on regular basis through departmental and general staff meetings and made sure continuous assessment records of students were regularly updated. The study therefore concludes that effective school heads’ direct supervision will enhance teachers’ role performance in secondary schools. All the necessary resources must be provided for the heads to adequately execute this important administrative function.
Recommendation
The study also recommends to reinforce supervision-based training, seminars, workshops, and refresher courses countrywide for secondary school head teachers and deputy head teachers. By so doing, even those who missed out supervision course at the university or college would benefit.
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