A Proposal on Utilization of Essential Health Services During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Any Country
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The following research objectives will be assessed;
- To find out the effect of educational status of a pregnant woman on utilization of essential health service in Nigeria
- To find out effect of socioeconomic factor of the pregnant woman on utilization of essential health services in Nigeria
- To find out the age factor of the pregnant woman on the utilization of essential health services in Nigeria
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Health care delivery system in Nigeria
The health care system in Nigeria is the responsibility of the three tiers of government that comprises of the federal, state and local governments with each tier responsible for the coordination of tertiary, secondary and primary levels of health care delivery respectively though dependent on the immediate higher tier for financial provision and policy direction (Adeyemo, 2005). In the last few years in Nigeria, health service provision has been decentralized placing major health outcome responsibilities on the primary health care system (Gupta, Gauria & Khemani, 2003). Several fundamental health services provided in Nigeria are delivered through the primary health care system and it is therefore important that services provided at this level of care are functional, available and utilized by those for whom it is provided. The National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) is the national agency responsible for providing a coordinated response to the implementation of high quality and sustainable primary health care services through partnerships and development of community based systems and infrastructures. However, the actual implementation of this role is yet to be achieved especially with the deplorable state of primary health clinics nationwide probably due to poor financing of the general health care system. Health services are also provided through a variety of health care providers such as secondary, tertiary facilities and community health workers. 3 A total of 23, 641 health facilities are registered in Nigeria, 62% of these facilities are owned by the government while 38% are owned by faith based organizations and private individuals; about 86% of the total health facilities are primary health care providers (National Bureau of Statistics, 2009). There are 774 local government areas (LGA) and 9572 political wards in Nigeria. Each LGA (the equivalent of a district in global language) has an average population of 1-2 million people, but these are further broken down into wards and each LGA is made up of about 7-15 wards. Each ward consists of about 150,000 – 200,000 persons in population; operationally the wards are better compared to a typical district and every ward has a PHCC (Scott-Emuakpor, 2010 & WHO, undated). Although there is a fairly good distribution of PHCCs at the local government levels, however the functionality of these facilities is non-existent in a good number of cases and it has been documented that some are poorly situated and may therefore affect accessibility of care in the affected areas (FMOH, 2010). This therefore means that availability has not directly translated to functionality or accessibility in certain wards. However because majority of health care will be delivered through the PHCCs, it can then logically be deduced that for the country to achieve its set goals for health, the primary health care services will form a key element in achieving this goal.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work. The choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to utilization of essential health services during pregnancy and birth outcomes in Lagos state
METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
The researcher will employ oral and direct interview in administering this research questions. Responses from the respondents were needed unlike questionnaires, which is less rewarding due to late receipt and loss of responses from respondents. The method of data analysis that will be used by the researcher is the mean and standard deviation. Multi-stage sampling procedure will be adopted. In data analysis, adequate statistics will be employed. Representations of the level of responses will be made in tabular form.
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