The Impact of Terrorism on Nigeria Development: a Case Study of Borno North Senatorial District 2010-2020
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To find out the effect of terrorism on the peace of Borno North Senatorial District
- To find out the effect of terrorism on economy of Borno North senatorial District
- To find out the impact of terrorism on Nigeria development
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Concept of Terrorism
Despite decades of effort, with even greater focus after September 11 attack on the world trade centre in the United States in 2001, attempts to develop a generally accepted legal concept of terrorism have failed (Golder &Williams, 2004: 270). The failure is made possible because of the individual variability both in kinds of conflicts and in their methods of operation. Conflicts occur under very many different circumstances and take a bewildering variety of forms (Golder & Williams, 2004). However, Burton (1979: 11), defined terrorism as“a range of social and political problems whose behavioural scope is boundless and includes behaviour that appears to be abnormal”.Burton (1979) when further to state that it’s an unconventional political violence or the threat of political violence meant to have an impact on both the immediate victims and the audience that is carried out by non-state actors and, or clandestine state agents. Burton’s clarification points clearly in the direction that ‘non-state-actors and/or clandestine state agents’ use illegal explosive devices to perpetrate ‘unconventional political violence’ meant to create ‘impact on both the immediate victims and the audience.’ In line with this argument, Rapoport (2017) asserts that terrorism is a global phenomenon involving the use of terror for a wide range of purposes.
Causes of Terrorism in Nigeria
Studies have examined the root causes of terrorism in Nigeria and these causes can be grouped as social, youth unemployment, economic, religious, political, corruption, foreign link or connection, poverty and ethnic politics. The above root causes of terrorism were discussed in this subheading. Poverty and unemployment have been identified by some studies as common causes of terrorism.(Shehu, 2015; Adesoji, Abdullahi, &Penar 2018;Kamta, Azadi&Scheffran, 2020). However, several studies have found no link between poverty, unemployment and terrorism(Shehu, 2015; Adesoji, Abdullahi, &Penar 2018).The general belief of security and intelligence community is that people who are economically deprived are more likely to resort to violence as a way to express their grievances. That is poverty and unemployment create terrorism. The theory of relative deprivation explains that when people feel deprived of something they are expected to have, they become discontent, hence could use violence to express their grievances.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine the impact of terrorism on Nigeria development: a case study of Borno North senatorial district. Selected residents in Borno North senatorial District form the population of the study.
SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION
A study sample is simply a systematic selected part of a population that infers its result on the population. In essence, it is that part of a whole that represents the whole and its members share characteristics in like similitude (Udoyen, 2019). In this study, the researcher adopted the convenient sampling method to determine the sample size.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
H1: there is no effect of Boko haram on the peace of Borno North Senatorial District
H2: there is no effect of Boko Haram on economy of Borno North senatorial District
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the Impact of Terrorism on Nigeria Development: A case study of Borno North Senatorial District 2010-2020. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing challenges the Impact of Terrorism on Nigeria Development: A case study of Borno North Senatorial District 2010-2020
Summary
This study was on the Impact of Terrorism on Nigeria Development: A case study of Borno North Senatorial District 2010-2020. Three objectives were raised which included: To find out the effect of terrorism on the peace of Borno North Senatorial District, to find out the effect of terrorism on economy of Borno North senatorial District and to find out the impact of terrorism on Nigeria development. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected residents in Borno North senatorial District. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
Issues bordering on national security which embodies peace and development are very critical for the material progress of any polity. As a result of this, the study looked at the effects of terrorism on peace and national development in Nigeria using the South-South geopolitical zone as its case study. It reveals that there is a strong negative relationship between terrorism and peace. There also exists a strong negative relationship with national development in the South-South of Nigeria. Although, the study agreed that the government should come up with programmes that will provide infrastructural facilities to empower women, generate employment for the youths in Nigeria and punish corrupt politicians looting the nation’s wealth, it went further to note that the heinous activities of terrorists’ groups have significant effect on peace and national development in the region and have accounted for poor living standard of people living in the region.
Recommendation
- There is need for the Nigerian government to generate employment for youths who are unemployed in the country.
- 2) Government should come up with programmes that will provide infrastructural facilities and genuine women empowerment.
- 3) Corrupt politicians should be punished to serve as a lesson to others who intend to loot the nation’s wealth
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