Effects of Urban Renewal on Women’s Role
CHAPTER ONE
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The primary aim of this study is to examine the effects of urban renewal on women roles on their household welfare. The other specific objectives of this study are to;
- Assess the role of the woman in the family,
- Assess how a woman’s responsibilities are affected by urban renewal.
- Examine the nature of urban renewal on the affected life style of the affected families.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literatures that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
Precisely, the chapter will be considered in three sub-headings:
- Conceptual Framework
- Theoretical Framework
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
URBAN RENEWAL
According to [Walker,2003] Urban renewal is to „regenerate, make new again, restore, and recover‟. Renewal focuses on the restoration of vigour, strength and activity within a Community and encompasses the dual potential of redevelopment. It has a scope for the demolishing of and the rebuilding of communities and/or the physical environment. Reference [Couch,1990] defines urban renewal as the physical change, or change in the use or intensity of use of land and buildings, that is the inevitable outcome of the action of economic and social forces upon urban areas‟. In sum, urban renewal is a comprehensive scheme aim to redress a complex of urban problems, including unsanitary, deficient or obsolete housing; inadequate transportation, sanitation, and other services and facilities; haphazard land use; traffic congestion; and the sociological correlates of urban decay, such as crime. Early efforts usually focused on housing reform and sanitary and public-health measures, followed by growing emphasis on slum clearance and the relocation of population and industry from congested areas to less crowded cities, as in the garden-city and new-towns movements in Great Britain [Daniels,1993]. Late 20th-century criticisms of urban sprawl prompted new interest in the efficiencies of urban centralization. Reference [Carley,1990] stated that urban renewal is happening in countries across the World including the UK, USA, New Zealand, Belgium and Australia. There are a number of commonalities between urban renewal programs in the USA, UK and Australia. According to [Carley,1990], recent urban renewal programmes in the UK are primarily (but not solely) intended to arrest the decline of inner city neighbourhood in areas with a high density of people from low socioeconomic backgrounds and high unemployment rate, it is also the inevitable outcome of „political‟ forces, as governments play an instrumental role in defining areas for development as well as funding and setting policy targets for renewal areas. Reference [Clarks,1958] however, explains that each country approaches urban renewal according to its means and its political and administrative systems.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
In this study, our focus was to examine effects of urban renewal on women’s role
using Amuwo Odofin local government as a case study. The study specifically was aimed at highlighting the role of the woman in the family. The study also assess how a woman’s responsibilities are affected by urban renewal. Lastly the study examine the nature of urban renewal on the affected life style of the affected families. A total of 77 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are drawn from resident of Amuwo Odofin Lga.
CONCLUSION
Based on the finding of this study, the following conclusions were made:
- Urban renewal have helped in building the community character.
- Urban renewal has helped in improving the environment and creating job opportunities.
- Urban renewal has helped in advancing equity.
- Urban renewal has helped enlivening the economy.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the responses obtained, the researcher proffers the following recommendations:
- The Lagos state government should embark on massive construction and development of market stalls for low income itinerant traders. This will give a lot of poor women traders‟ access to stalls.
- Empowerment of women traders is essential for meaningful inclusion. In the context of urban development, while empowerment is about enabling women to use the spaces and pathways created for their engagement in city planning, it must also be about building capacities among local government institutions to listen to the voices of women and monitor gender based outcomes.
REFERENCES
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- Adelekan IO (2004). Vulnerability of poor urban coastal communities to climate change in Lagos, Nigeria. Proceedings of the 5th Urban Research Symposium,
- Agbola T (1987). Institutional Constraints on Housing development: The Urban Areas of Ngeria: The Land Use Decree and the building Plan Approval Processes, Habitat International, 11(2):113-120.
- Agyarko- Oduro F (2009). Slum Upgrading and Prevention – The Time to Act is Now in Urbanisation and Decentralisation. http//www.modernghana.com (Accessed on7th June, 2009).
- Anderson, M. Shifting the Centre and Reconstructing Knowledge.Anderson,M.I, Collins P.H.(eds) Race, Class and Gender. An Anthology. Fourth Edition. Wadsworth. Thomas Learning Publisher. United State of America, 2001, 40-48.
- Anderson,F, Streetwise, Race, Class and Change in an Urban Community; Chicago, 1990.
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