School Plant Planning and Effective Learning in Secondary School System
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This study was conducted with the following objectives:
- To assess the effect of school plant planning on effective learning in the secondary schools.
- To examine the effect of school plant planning on students’ academic performance.
- To investigate the impact of administrative space planning on students’ learning effectiveness.
- To explore any relationship between instructional space planning and students’ academic performance.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter reviews the literature on the impact of school plant planning and the effective learning in secondary schools. It discusses issues arising from the topic of interest as viewed from different perspectives, with a view of giving a theoretical and empirical foundation to the study.
LITERATURE REVIEW
CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION OF SCHOOL PLANT PLANNING
School plant planning is an integral part of the over-all educational planning. As a concept, school plant planning has been subjected to several definitions by various scholars though they shared similar view. For example, according to Ajayi and Yusuf (2010), school plant planning is a process in which a suitable site is selected and instructional space, administrative space, circulation space, and spaces of convenience are designed to facilitate the teaching and learning process in the school system. In his own view, Oyesola (Undated) defined school plant planning as a process in which a congenial site is selected and appropriate structures (buildings) designed and constructed to satisfy the identified educational needs of the students. Similarly, according to Dibugonwanyi (undated), school plant planning means considering various ways to put up the structured features to suit the instructional and learning processes. A broader definition comes from Odunfowokan (2011) who said that school plant planning refers to the following:
(i) Instructional Spaces: These include classrooms, auditorium, gymnasium, library, workshops, laboratory, arts room, home economics rooms, multipurpose rooms/halls, music area and any other space where students receive instruction.
(ii) Administrative Spaces: These comprise principal`s office, clerk’s office, staff room, Guidance Counselors’ office and Health clinics.
(iii) Circulation Spaces: These include corridors, lobby, staircases and other spaces where students recreate.
(iv) Spaces for conveniences: These consist of toilets, cafeteria, kitchen dormitories custodian sheds and stores, and
(v) Accessories: These include parks, garden, fields, courts and lawns.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to find out the effect of school plant planning on effective learning in secondary schools in Badagry Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
Primary source and
Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information regarding palm oil trade and its socioeconomic impacts. Two hundred (200) teachers in selected junior secondary schools in Egor local government area of Edo State were selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
Data Analysis
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty-three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
INTRODUCTION
It is important to reiterate that the objective of this study was the school plant planning and the effective learning in secondary school system.
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in evaluating examine the school plant planning and the effective learning in secondary school system..
SUMMARY
This study was undertaken to examine the school plant planning and the effective learning in secondary school system. School plant planning and the effective learning in secondary school system is a topic with high priority. School plant quality differs considerably, between countries and also between states. School plants are central to any consideration of schools and School plant is important in any educational system because the quality of school plant in any educational system determines to a great extent the quality of the system itself. For many years, educators and researchers have debated which school variables influence student achievement. The study opened with chapter one where the statement of the problem was clearly defined. The study objectives and research hypotheses were defined and formulated respectively. The study reviewed related and relevant literatures. The chapter two gave the conceptual framework, empirical and theoretical studies. The third chapter described the methodology employed by the researcher in collecting both the primary and the secondary data. The research method employed here is the descriptive survey method. The study analyzed and presented the data collected in tables and the hypotheses were tested using the Chi square method. While the fifth chapter gives the study summary and conclusion.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
As a way of concluding, all said and done, it can clearly be seen that the realization of educational goals and objectives, no doubt, depends on the extent to which government and administrators of schools are able to give school plant planning adequate attention needed. A properly planned school plant will no doubt bring about a conducive learning environment that is psychologically and physically safe for students and school plant as well as enhance quality of instruction which will in turn promote effective teaching and learning process. We also found that there is a significant relationship between school plant planning and students’ academic performance and there is a significant relationship between instructional space planning and students’ academic performance.
Consequent upon the foregoing, the following recommendations are hereby suggested: Considerable time should be devoted in planning school plant for both intended and existing schools. Adequate time should be devoted in developing the educational programme for the intended school before school site selection. In selecting the site for the school, the following important criteria must be taken into consideration; accessibility, geographical location, topography, soil condition, health safety, expansibility and security of lives and properties.
School plant planner needs to provide architect with necessary information or briefings before designing a functional school plant that will suit the intended programme/curriculum and use The government in power should live up to UNESCO’s expectation regarding the 26% budgetary allocation to education for procurement of adequate school plants.
Corruption is a monster that must be stamped out in our society with all sense of seriousness if goals and objectives of education would be achieved as planned. The service of professionals who have adequate knowledge must be sought for to plan school plants especially in an environment that has diverse ethnic groups.
Qualified educational planners are to be in charge of planning school plant either at national or at state/grassroots levels; this certainly would make teaching and learning become effective and efficient in the schools.
Technocrats, bureaucrats, school administrators and school owners should reach a compromise in planning and execution of school plants in a bid to achieving the preconceived objectives of education. Financial institutions should make loans accessible to school owners with considerable interest rates.
Government should create enabling environment for prospective school owners to thrive by making policies that are realistic and achievable for a growing school.
REFERENCES
- Adeboyeje, R. A. (2000). A Practical Approach to Effective Utilisation and Maintenance of Physical Facilities in Secondary Schools. In J. O. Fadipe & E. E. Oluchukwu (Eds.), A publication of The National Institute for Educational Planning and Administration (pp. 88-103). Ondo, Nigeria.
- Adepoju, T. L. & Akinwunmi, F. S. (2001). Location of secondary schools as a factor in determining academic performance of students. Ibadan Journal of Educational Studies, 1(2), 401-412.
- Adu, E. O., Akinloye, G. M. and Adu, K. O. (2015). School Input Factors and Teacher Effectiveness in Some Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria. International Journal of Education and Science, 8(3): 461-472.
- Agi, U K. (2005). Determining resource management in an educational system In African Journal of Educationand Developmental Studies (AJEDS) 1&2, 77.
- Ajayi, J. A. (2007). Issues in school management, Lagos: Bolabay Publisher.
- Ajayi, I. A., & Yusuf, M. A. (2009). Instructional Space Planning and Students` Academic Performance in South West Nigerian Secondary Schools. International Education Science, Vol. 1, p. 73-77.
